| In this experiment,a total of 87 materials of Jinhan 125×Xiye 501 and its hybrid offspring were selected,using SPSS,Power Marker,Structure and other software,through correlation analysis,principal component analysis,multiple linear regression analysis,cluster analysis and other methods,the 87 The agronomic traits,quality traits and SSR molecular markers of each material were analyzed,the ideal plant type for soybean yield and quality was explored,and the soybean plant type traits were combined with molecular markers to provide theoretical basis and germplasm materials for high-yield and high-quality soybean breeding.The results show that:1.Correlation analysis of 87 material traits summarized traits significantly related to soybean yield.Through principal component analysis,yield component factors,plant type factors,grain weight factors,load-bearing weight factors,and plant type factors Ⅱ were obtained.5 Independent components.2.Through multiple linear regression analysis of main agronomic traits and yield per plant,the regression equation is obtained: Y=-35.535-2.361×X1+10.452*×X2+4.856×X3(Y: yield per plant;X1: bottom pod height;X2: the number of effective branches;X3: the number of main stem nodes);the regression equation is obtained through the multiple regression analysis of fat and fatty acid: Y=3.736+0.586×X1-0.521×X2+0.23×X3+0.478×X4(Y : Fat;X1:palmitic acid;X2: stearic acid;X3: oleic acid;X4: linolenic acid).3.Through cluster analysis of agronomic traits,three high-,medium-high,and low-yield groups were obtained;through cluster analysis of quality and yield per plant,they were divided into three categories: low-yield and high-protein,medium-high-yield and better quality,and high-yield and high-fat.The common characteristics of its plant type are tall plants,many branches,many main stem nodes,and low bottom pods.4.According to the above statistical methods,this experiment has concluded ideal high-yield and high-quality plants suitable for the Shanxi ecological zone,which are characterized by higher plant height(92.9-96.69cm),lower bottom pod height(6.9-7.4cm),and more points.The number of branches(5-7),the number of effective branches(5-7),the number of main stem pods(54-73),and the number of main stem nodes(23-27).Fifteen high-yield and high-quality strains were screened out,namely 5,13,25,26,40,43,44,45,47,48,50,57,58,63,65,which are ideal plant types in Shanxi Ecological Area The application provides a practical basis.5.15 pairs of primers have rich genetic information.15 pairs of SSR primers showed polymorphism,a total of 39 allelic variants,and the average allelic variant point was 2.6.The variation range of the amount of polymorphic information is 0.025~0.588,and the average amount of polymorphic information is 0.297.The average gene diversity is 0.349.Using SSR molecular marker technology,87 strains were analyzed for genetic relationship and genetic diversity,and the research results divided them into 5 categories.Through the analysis of the genetic structure of the material,the population is divided into 3 subgroups,each of which has28,23,and 36 materials,accounting for 32.18%,26.43%,and 41.38%. |
