Study On Sustainable Ecological Compensation Of Returning Farmland To Forest Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

Ecological compensation is the key means to encourage the majority of farmers to participate in the construction and protection of returning farmland to forest,which plays an important role in the sustainable development of the project.Different from foreign developed countries,the project of returning farmland to forest in China is mostly implemented in poor rural areas with poor natural conditions and backward economic development.Therefore,the ecological compensation of returning farmland to forest in China is not only relate to the sustainable development of returning farmland to forest,but also relate to the livelihood and development of farmers in rural areas.On January 2,2018,the State Council of the CPC Central Committee issued the opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,which put forward the general requirements of industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural civilization,effective governance and affluent life,and required the establishment of a market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism.Under the background of Rural Revitalization Strategy,the vast number of poor rural areas will combine returning farmland to forest with ecological poverty alleviation,and strive to turn green water and green mountains into golden mountains and silver mountains.Comprehensive and sustainable ecological compensation for returning farmland to forest is very important.Based on this,this paper took Chakou watershed in Loess Hilly Gully Region as an example.Firstly,through the minimum willingness to be compensated(WTA)and opportunity cost of farmers,analyzed the ecological compensation standards and problems based on the perspective of farmers’ returning farmland loss,and then calculated the value of ecological service function based on the perspective of ecological service function.Finally,combined with the current situation and development trend of local green industry In addition,it provides ideas for sustainable ecological compensation.The results show that:(1)The average minimum willingness of farmers was 236 yuan / mu,and the opportunity cost of returning farmland to forest was about 295 yuan / mu based on the net income of corn.The current compensation standard(300 yuan / mu)can basically make up for the loss of farmers,but need to break the "one size fits all" compensation problem,and further tilt to the vulnerable groups with older age,the groups with serious livelihood loss,the farming groups with higher cultivated land dependence,and the ecological forest groups.(2)The ecological service value of returning farmland to forest in Chakou watershed was about 944 yuan / mu in terms of water conservation,soil and fertilizer fixation,carbon fixation and oxygen release.There is a big gap between the current compensation standard and it.In the future,the local ecological service value of returning farmland to forest should be gradually reflected in the formulation of ecological compensation standard and policy.(3)Therefore,on the basis of further improving the fund compensation(blood transfusion compensation),we should also combine with the development of local green industry,start with technical compensation and expanding sales channels,so as to improve the income of local economic forests and realize "hematopoietic" compensation.