Effect Of Interaction Between Organic Fertilizer And Smashing-Ridge-Tillage On Soil And The Growth Of Sugarcane

In order to solve the problems of poor aggregate structure,low content of organic matter and diversity of microbial community in the bottom and core soil layers of the plough after deep ploughing and deep loosening of the smashing-ridge-tillage cultivation,sugar cane No.42 was used as the test material,the earthworm manure and pig manure were mixed respectively with compound fertilizer in the sugarcane field,single application of compound fertilizer as control,the earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer and pig manure blend compound fertilizer was used as treatments.After that,the soil physical and chemical properties,nutrients and soil microorganisms,sugarcane agronomic properties,nutrients,photosynthetic characteristics,enzyme activity,stem and leaf tissue cell structure and yield and quality were observed and tested to explore the response mechanism of interaction between smashing-ridge-tillage and organic fertilizer for sugarcane soil ecology,sugarcane physiology,tissue structure development and yield and quality.The results show that:1.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on physical and chemical properties of soilUnder the condition of smashing-ridge-tillage cultivation,organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer can increase the p H value of soil by 6% ～ 9%,and reduce the bulk density of soil by 4% ～ 12%,but not significantly.Organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased soil nutrient content.Among them,earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus,with an increase of 11%,19%,21% and 15%,respectively.There was no significant difference in total nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and organic matter content between earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment and pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment,but the alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen content of earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that of pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment,with an increase of 34%;The content of available P and K in pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment was significantly higher than that in earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment,with an increase of 26% and 29%,respectively.2.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on Soil MicroorganismUnder the condition of smashing-ridge-tillage cultivation,the combination of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer changed the community and diversity of soil fungi and bacteria,and promoted the balance of soil nutrition.Among them,pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment mainly increased the abundance of Serendipita、Sebacinales、Sebacinales group B.Earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment mainly increased the abundance of Methanosarcina,hydrogen producing bacteria and salina bacteria,which were mainly digested by organic anaerobic digestion.3.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on sugarcane roots and nutrientsUnder the condition of smashing-ridge-tillage cultivation,the combination of pig manure and compound fertilizer can significantly increase the root length,diameter and number of root tips of sugarcane,with an increase of 32%,60%and 35%,respectively.Earthworm manure organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the diameter and number of root tips of perennial roots,with an increase of about 37% and 62%,respectively.Earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the dry weight of ratoon sugarcane,while pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the dry weight of new sugarcane at maturity,with an increase of 47% and 35%,respectively.The content of N,P and K in roots and leaves of sugarcane was increased by different organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer treatments.Earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment and pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total potassium in sugarcane leaves by 5%,25% and 20%respectively,and the contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in roots by7%,5% and 9% respectively.There was no significant difference in parameters between earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment and pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment.4.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on physiological and biochemical indexesUnder the condition of smashing-ridge-tillage,organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer ttreatments increased the chlorophyll content of sugarcane and the net photosynthetic rate of plant sugarcane by 2% and 7%,respectively.It can also promote the activities of nitrate reductase and sucrose synthetase in the early and middle mature stage of plant sugarcane,with an increase of about 7%and 16%,respectively.5.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on the cell structure of sugarcanePig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the size of new sugarcane extended long-term mesophyll cells(transverse diameter)by about 21%,while earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment significantly increased the stem phloem area by about 50%.6.Effects of interaction between organic fertilizer and smashing ridge tillage on agronomic characters,yield and quality of sugarcaneUnder the condition of smashing-ridge-tillage cultivation,the organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer treatments can promote the emergence rate and tillering rate of sugarcane,and has a significant effect on the plant height in the elongation stage and mature stage of plant sugarcane,with an increase of about 7%.Pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment had a significant effect on the diameter of plant sugarcane at the early of mature stage,with an increase of about 8%.Organic fertilizer blend compound fertilizer treatments increased the sugarcane yield of plant sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane,and the yield difference was significant on plant sugarcane,but not significant on ratoon sugarcane.Among them,the yield of plant sugarcane treated by pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment and earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment was increased by 28.09% and 32.81% respectively,and that of ratoon sugarcane increased by 8.44% and 6.53% respectively.The sucrose content of juice of plant sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane treated by earthworm manure blend compound fertilizer treatment was increased by 1.08% and 0.42% respectively.In addition,the sucrose content of cane in plant sugarcane was increased by 1.41%,but that of ratoon sugarcane was lower than that of the control by 0.38%.The sucrose content of juice of plant sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane treated by pig manure blend compound fertilizer treatment was increased by 3.67% and 1.90%,and the sucrose content of cane was increased by 3.63% and 0.82%,respectively.The above research results provide technical support and basic data for further improving the technology system of smashing-ridge-tillage and sugarcane efficient green ecological production.