Research On The Design Of Improving The Vitality Of Public Space In Residential Historic Districts

Currently,China’s urbanization has entered a period of transition.Urban planning and construction have gradually shifted from incremental development to stock development.People have begun to realize that optimizing from within the city is an important way to promote future urban development.In this context,the optimization of public spaces in urban historic districts has received attention.However,with the impact of modern urbanization on old cities,the public spaces in increasingly declining historic districts face enormous challenges and have gradually lost their vitality.Therefore,we should consider how to maintain the traditional characteristics of historic blocks and inject vitality into public spaces in the renewal and construction of modern cities.The significance of this study lies in giving residential historic blocks like Xiliulichang the vitality and vigor by achieving the coordination between preservation and development.The historic blocks in Beijing are mainly residential in function,but due to various reasons,their public spaces suffer from poor environmental quality,inadequate infrastructure,serious aging,low quality,and lack of vitality.Therefore,this paper selects Xiliulichang,which is representative of Beijing’s grassroots cultural life,as the research object,Firstly,this paper analyzes relevant literature on the vitality of public spaces in residential historic districts both domestically and internationally,and determines the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)as the research method for this paper.Secondly,an analysis of the current status of public spaces in the Xiliulichang area is conducted,and three types of public spaces are summarized and concluded: block-enclosed,linear-open,and landmark-point.Based on this,the AHP hierarchical analysis method is utilized to construct a public space vitality evaluation system for residential historic districts.This system is based on four elements-spatial accessibility,spatial environment,spatial quality,and historical culture-and includes14 evaluation factors from different perspectives.Through evaluation results and importance analysis,we conclude that the public space in the Xiliulichang area has a general quality and low vitality,and urgent improvements are needed.The spatial environment and spatial quality are important factors contributing to the low vitality of the Xiliulichang area.Finally,based on the evaluation system results,vitality enhancement strategies are proposed from four levels-spatial accessibility,spatial environment,spatial quality,and historical culture-and public participation.The vitality enhancement strategies are then applied to the three types of public spaces in the Xiliulichang area to improve their vitality.Through this research on vitality enhancement design for Xiliulichang,we hope to explore ideas and methods for revitalizing and protecting residential historic districts within the old city of Beijing.