| At present,our economy has shifted from the stage of high-speed growth to the stage of high-quality development,and the people have an urgent need for high-quality living environment.Urban planning has also moved from the low standard supporting planning to the high standard sustainable planning,and put forward the concept of community living circle.As an important part of the community life circle,the quantity distribution,environmental quality and the coordination between residents’ daily life needs are related to residents’ happiness and sense of gain.At present,the planning and construction level of urban community parks is still relatively lagging behind.The supply and distribution of community parks are problems.Therefore,from the perspective of supply and demand balance,this study constructed the evaluation index system of supply and demand of community park and the evaluation model of supply and demand coupling coordination degree.Taking the 15-minute and 5-minute living circles of Gongshu district as the basic research unit,this study evaluated the rationality of the spatial layout of Gongshu community park and proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions,which mainly included the following three parts:Firstly,the evaluation index system and model of community park spatial layout supply and demand were constructed.Based on the field survey of 82 community parks in the study area,the population density and the proportion of the elderly over 60 years old were selected as the indicators of the subsystem of demand capacity.The number of community parks per unit area of each living circle,the area of community parks per capita,the ratio of service and residential land,the ratio of service and residential population and the service overlap rate were selected as the indicators of the supply capacity subsystem.After processing the original data by the range method,the weights of each index of the supply and demand subsystem were determined by combining subjective and objective methods,and the coupling coordination degree model was introduced to build the supply and demand evaluation model of community park spatial layout.Secondly,this paper evaluates the coordination degree of supply and demand of Gongshu District community park space layout in Hangzhou,and divides the three living circles into dissonant,transitional and coordinated.On this basis,three typical living circles were selected as research objects,and the supply capacity and residents’ use of community parks based on spatial quality evaluation were discussed from the micro level through field investigation and interview.From macro to micro,quantitative calculation and qualitative evaluation are combined to improve the research system of community park spatial layout evaluation.Finally,differentiated and targeted optimization strategies are proposed for different types of life circles.The research draws the following conclusions:(1)The overall supply and demand system of community parks in Gongshu District of Hangzhou is barely coordinated and in short supply,and there is room for improvement in the planning and construction of community parks;(2)The supply and demand coordination degree of community parks with early completion and high maturity is relatively better,and urban parks play daily service functions in some of the life circles with late completion and low maturity;(3)5-minute living circle community park space quality is relatively poor,mainly due to the lack of facility configuration management and maintenance.This study provides a new perspective and method for the study of community parks,and the optimization strategy based on the characteristics and needs of different life circles can provide valuable suggestions for the planning and construction of community parks in Hangzhou in the future. |
