Research On Natural Lighting Conditions Of Qingdao Liyuan

China is an ancient civilization with a history of more than 5,000 years and has a large number of historical architectural heritage.In order to meet today’s functional needs,many historical buildings need to be improved and upgraded in terms of performance,including the improvement of the light environment.Whether from the perspective of continuing the practical value of historic buildings or from the perspective of energy conservation,the study of lighting conditions is an indispensable aspect of the conservation and restoration of historic buildings.The local building type “Liyuan”,which is rich in Qingdao’s regional and cultural characteristics,also faces the problem of how to optimise indoor lighting conditions.Qingdao Liyuan buildings are a product of the fusion of Chinese and Western architectural cultures.Due to the age and economic and social factors,the Liyuan buildings in Qingdao at the beginning of the 21 st century were in serious decline.In the last five years,large-scale restoration of the existing Liyuan buildings has been carried out,but according to the author’s research,almost none of these restorations have been carried out to optimise natural light.Furthermore,a review of the literature reveals that there is a gap in the research on the measurement and quantification of natural light in Liyuan buildings in Qingdao.In order to identify the problems of light in the Qingdao Liyuan buildings,the thesis uses questionnaires,interviews and field measurements.The questionnaires and interviews were directed at the indigenous people and users of the Liyuan buildings blocks in Qingdao,while the field test was conducted on Guangxingli,which was the earliest built Liyuan building and the only one open during the epidemic period.The questionnaires and interviews revealed that the aborigines and users generally felt that the interior lighting of the Liyuan buildings was poor.During the field investigations,15 measurement points were selected for each of the four typical rooms in Guangxingli,facing east,west,north and south,and the illuminance of each measurement point was collected for nine hours during the day,yielding 540 data.By comparing these measurements with the data simulated by Velux Daylight Visualizer software,the reality of the lighting problems in the Liyuan buildings were quantified and analysed.Then the thesis explores how to optimise the lighting conditions of the Qingdao Liyuan buildings within the framework of the current regulations on the conservation of historic buildings.The study is based on the light environment simulation software Velux Daylight Visualizer and the regulations of the Building Light Design Standard(GB 50033-2013),and explores the main factors affecting the natural lighting of rooms in historic buildings,namely the light transmission rate of door and window openings and the interior space.The light environment of four typical rooms in Guangxingli was simulated by the control variables method,using the main factors affecting the natural lighting of the rooms in the historic building,namely the light transmittance of the door and window openings and the reflectance of the interior space(including the reflectance of the interior wall,the interior floor and the interior roof)as variables.By quantifying the effect of each variable on the interior lighting of each room orientation,the simulation identifies possible ways to optimise the interior lighting conditions within the framework of the current historic building conservation regulations.The case study on the improvement of the indoor natural light level of Guangxingli can provide an effective methodological reference for the optimisation of the lighting conditions of other existing Qingdao Liyuan buildings.The exploration of the indoor light environment of Qingdao Liyuan buildings can also provide a valuable reference for the study of the light environment of historical buildings in other regions of China.