Research On The Architecture Of National Northwest United University During The Anti Japanese War

The educational architecture of Hanzhong during the Anti Japanese War is an important component of Hanzhong’s modern and contemporary history,and also a typical representative of China’s modern architectural history.Therefore,the study of the development history of cities,educational buildings,and their technologies in Hanzhong during the Anti Japanese War holds an important position in the study of architectural history.During the Anti Japanese War in Hanzhong,the development of education mainly focused on higher education and secondary education institutions that migrated from outside and developed locally.The National Northwest United University was a representative of higher education in Hanzhong during the Anti Japanese War,and was a temporary joint university established in the northwest region during the war.It is renowned alongside the Southwest United University,and its former site is classified as an important historical site and representative building in modern times.It lasted from 1938 to 1946,representing the peak state of educational architecture during the Anti Japanese War in Hanzhong.There are three sites located in Chenggu County,namely the former site of the Northwest Associated University School of Law and Business,the former site of the Northwest Associated University School of Technology,and the Dacheng Hall building.The former site of the Northwest Associated University School of Law and Business is located within Chenggu No.1 Middle School in Chenggu County.In 1939,it was renamed as the National Northwest University School of Law and Business.The former site of the Northwest Associated University Institute of Technology is located in Guluba Town,Chenggu County.During the Northwest Associated University period,it was the site of the liberal arts and science branch,the high school department of the Northwest Associated University,and the former site of the Institute of Technology.In July 1938,the liberal arts and science branch was relocated to the county seat,making this place the exclusive site of the Institute of Technology.The Dacheng Hall building is located within Chenggu Normal University in Chenggu County,and together with the Zun Jing Pavilion,it serves as the library of National Northwest Normal University and National Northwest University.In 1944,the model teachers of Northwest Normal University moved to Lanzhou,and the Ministry of Education gifted them all to National Northwest University.The development of secondary education institutions is represented by the Affiliated Middle School of National Northwest Normal University and the existing Hannan Academy located in the center of Hanzhong.The former is greatly influenced by the development of higher normal universities.As the earliest academy in Hanzhong and a high-level university in the southern Shaanxi region,Hannan Academy’s status cannot be underestimated.During the period of the Anti Japanese War,the development of Chinese architecture tended to come to a standstill due to the impact of the war.However,as an important base of the country,Hanzhong’s towns and architecture had developed to a considerable extent.During the Anti Japanese War,Hanzhong’s educational architecture also developed rapidly due to a large number of university migrations,achieving certain achievements in architectural design and construction.The development of this historical stage greatly accelerated the modernization of Hanzhong.Hanzhong was one of the most important cities to study the development of educational architecture during the Anti Japanese War in China.The study of the development of educational architecture in Hanzhong during the War also became an indispensable part of the study of Hanzhong’s architectural history.This article is based on a large number of books,historical archives,historical images,and early satellite maps.It visits local people,conducts on-site research and architectural surveying,and obtains firsthand materials about the educational buildings in Hanzhong during the Anti Japanese War.It focuses on the development and site selection layout of educational buildings in Hanzhong during the Anti Japanese War,and analyzes their architectural and spatial characteristics using the old site of Northwest United University as an example,Summarized the value and achievements of higher education buildings during the Anti Japanese War,providing necessary conditions for the protection and utilization of old sites in the later period.The existing site of Hanzhong educational buildings during the Anti Japanese War has significant historical,artistic,and scientific value as a key cultural relic protection unit,but its protection status is worrying.The article also conducts research on its current protection and utilization,and proposes further protection methods and restoration strategies.