Research On The Regeneration Design Of Traditional Residential Buildings In The Middle Reaches Of The Qinhe River

The middle reaches of Qinhe River are located in the southeast of Shanxi Province.The middle reaches of Qinhe River generally include Yangcheng,Zezhou and Qingshui counties in Jincheng City.The narrow sense refers to 10 townships along the main stream of Qinhe River from Duanshi Town to Lizhai Township.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,the local economy and culture were developed,and a large number of traditional settlements appeared,leaving many traditional courtyard-style residential buildings.With the advent of a new era,residents’ production and living modes,family structure,ideological concepts and other aspects have changed greatly.Traditional courtyard-style residential buildings have exposed many problems such as lack of functional elements and poor indoor lighting.The contradiction between traditional architectural space form and modern production and living needs of residents is becoming increasingly prominent.Due to the lack of scientific guidance for renewal strategies,residents’ bottom-up transformation has met some problems,with idle space inside residences,damage and destruction of building components.With the change of local residents’ production and living modes,the demand for renewal and transformation of traditional residential buildings has increased.How to inherit and develop regional culture,improve the living environment of traditional residences,adapt to modern production and living needs,and revitalize traditional residential buildings is a problem worth thinking about.The study is conducted using the logical steps of identifying,evaluating,and resolving problems.Five traditional villages in the middle reaches of Qinhe River are selected as investigation objects.Through field surveying and mapping,questionnaire survey,environmental testing and other methods,typical traditional residential buildings are investigated.The existing problems are summarized and analyzed,and corresponding renewal strategies and methods are proposed.First,starting from analyzing the current characteristics of traditional residential buildings,comparing the characteristics and differences of various functional elements of residences under traditional and modern lifestyles,the main changes are: the Zhongtang is constantly simplified,the spiritual function is weakened and the practical function is enhanced,becoming the visual center of the living room;living space gradually takes coal briquette stove and tea table as activity core;bedroom,kitchen and other spaces have a trend of functional integration;some religious spaces are preserved and respected by residents;commercial space formats are rich,remodeling types gradually increase;horizontal space combination within courtyard under modern lifestyle is affected by multi-household co-living situation within courtyard;vertical layout of traditional courtyard is still based on first floor for living and production,second floor for storage or living mainly;first floor streamline within courtyard is mainly parallel,serial auxiliary,second floor streamline is determined by combination mode of two loops inside and outside at corridor and side rooms;types of traditional architectural structure components,enclosure components,decorative components are diverse and rich.Second,this study extracts the main existing problems of traditional residences,including : 1)functional problems such as lack of modern functional elements,uneven spatial layout distribution,low utilization rate,scattered property rights;2)Structural issues caused by aging,damage,and missing building components;3)architectural style problems caused by residents’ spontaneous renewal measures;4)the problem of physical performance improvement due to the existence of deficient light and heat environment in residential buildings.This study analyzes renewal influencing factors of Qinhe River middle reaches residential building and finds that the internal factors are the main driving forces for renewal,such as living demand,the transformation of production and lifestyle,the change of family structure;socio-economic and technological development,policy and cultural factors play an important role in promoting and facilitating renewal.Thirdly,based on the summary analysis of current situation characteristics and existing problems,this study explores suitable renewal strategies for traditional residential buildings in the middle reaches area of Qinhe River: 1)the study extracts the space prototype of traditional residential buildings,adjusts the layout of the main living and production spaces such as living space and commercial space,and transform and design auxiliary spaces such as kitchen and bathroom.Adjust the internal spatial organization through methods such as functional continuation and replacement,spatial restructuring,and coordinate the interests of each household.Propose a space combination method suitable for the current lifestyle and production mode,achieving the goal of improving the original functional space;2)The study proposes methods such as repairing,strengthening and renovating structural,enclosure and decorative components to solve the quality problems of building components;3)The study proposes methods such as using traditional forms of language to coordinate architectural style,adjusting additional forms,promoting courtyard sharing,and expressing materials locally,in order to address the issue of coordinated style in residential buildings;4)the study summarizes the climate adaptation strategies suitable for the local area,proposes to increase the thermal insulation and waterproof performance of the enclosure components,passive solar energy utilization,enhance the reflectivity of the internal surface,increase the window area,and set up skylights to enhance the light and heat effect and improve the indoor environmental performance.Fourthly,this study takes two renovation projects as examples to analyze the methods and measures for the regeneration of hotel and catering buildings under the mode of functional replacement.And the paper selects a traditional residential courtyard and proposes a regeneration design plan.The proposed regeneration strategy and methods are comprehensively applied to continue the original residential function,replace idle space,and attempt to build in a bottom-up manner.The middle reaches of Qinhe River are currently in a period of economic transformation and development.It is necessary to explore a suitable way of updating and developing the traditional courtyard dwellings in the local area.It is hoped that this study will have a positive impact on the protection and development of traditional dwellings in the middle reaches of Qinhe River.