| Rainfall can reduce the visibility of road traffic environment,and combined with the complex alignment conditions of mountainous low-grade roads,it is easy to affect the physiology and behavior of drivers and even cause traffic accidents.Most of the existing studies are on the relationship between traffic flow,weather conditions,reaction time,travel spacing and traffic accidents,and most of them are on urban roads,highways and long downhill sections,etc.At present,there are relatively few studies on real vehicle tests on mountainous low-grade roads under the coupling of rainfall and alignment.Therefore,this paper takes the driving safety under the coupling of rainfall and road linearity as the basis,starts from the factors affecting drivers’ physiology and behavior,analyzes and determines the heart rate characteristics,eye movement characteristics and speed control characterization indexes,and collects the physiological and behavioral characteristics indexes of 20 drivers under the coupling of rainfall and different linearity conditions by conducting real-world tests on mountainous low-grade roads,and uses significance analysis to clarify the relationship between rainfall,linearity conditions and driving accidents.The physiological and behavioral characteristics of the drivers under the coupling effect of rainfall and different alignment conditions were clarified by using significance analysis to determine the influence of rainfall,alignment conditions and driving proficiency on drivers’ physiological and behavioral characteristics and their change characteristics.The results of the study showed that under rainfall conditions,the driving load size of drivers with different proficiency levels showed the pattern of heavy rain > medium rain > light rain > clear,and the driving load of unskilled drivers was significantly higher than that of skilled drivers under medium and heavy rain conditions,and the heart rate growth rate was 4.63% and 7.29% higher than that of skilled drivers,and the pupil area change rate was 4.56% and 8.58% higher,while The physiological and behavioral indexes of the two types of drivers were not significantly different under light rain and sunny weather.Under the road alignment conditions,the driving load of drivers with different levels of proficiency showed that the turn-back curve section > straight line section,and the driving load of unskilled drivers in the turn-back curve section was significantly higher than that of skilled drivers,while the driving load of the two types of drivers in the straight line section did not differ significantly.The heart rate growth rate of unskilled drivers was 4.09% higher than that of skilled drivers in the straight line section and 7.22%higher in the turnback curve section;the pupil area change rate was 2.96% and 5.43%higher than that of skilled drivers;the speed was 11.29% and 22.94% lower respectively.It can be seen that the size of rainfall,alignment conditions and driving proficiency have significant effects on drivers’ physiological changes and speed control,and unskilled drivers have relatively higher risk levels in moderate rain,heavy rain and turning back curve sections.The evaluation results by entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and ranksum ratio method show that skilled drivers have the highest driving load in the heavy rainfall-turnback curve scenario,and the load level is lower than that of unskilled drivers,and the effect of the heavy rainfall-turnback curve scenario on experienced drivers is not significant in mountainous low-grade roads;the load level of unskilled drivers in the turnback curve and heavy or medium rainfall scenarios is much higher than that of other scenarios,and the lack of driving experience is more likely to be reflected in complex The lack of driving experience is more likely to be reflected in complex scenarios.The research results can provide theoretical reference for road safety warning prevention and control on mountainous roads. |
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