| In recent years,the glare hazards caused by supplemental light for road monitoring(hereinafter referred to as "supplemental light")have received widespread attention,and the supplemental light in some areas have caused serious impact on the safety of drivers driving at night due to unreasonable light intensity settings.Young drivers are more prone to traffic accidents because they have less driving experience and generally lack the ability to foresee road hazards and cope with unexpected situations.Therefore,it is especially important to investigate the impact of supplemental light on young drivers’ driving safety and propose targeted improvement measures to enhance road safety.In this paper,the technical requirements of the supplemental light and the field research results were combined,the traffic hazard scenarios of light intensity and crossing behaviors of pedestrians were considered,the simulated driving test was designed,the influences of the above scenarios on the visual,physiological and driving behavior of young drivers were analyzed,the prediction model of young drivers’ driving behavior was constructed,and the influence law among the indicators was further explored.Based on the above research,a scheme of improvement measures for the influences of supplemental light on night driving safety was proposed and initially verified.The specific research contents are as follows:Firstly,in order to determine the light intensity of the supplemental light in the test,the effective light intensity is defined as the light intensity perceived by the driver’s eye position(hereinafter referred to as "effective illumination").Through field research,the maximum effective illumination was determined to be 8m away from the supplemental light,and the effective illumination range of the supplemental light was 10 lx～90 lx.Secondly,a simulation of urban road that consider effective illumination and crossing behaviors of pedestrians are designed by the software of UC-win/Road.The simulation is carried out with a driving simulator.The data are collected by an eye tracker and physiological instruments.A total of 30 young drivers’ visual,physiological and driving operation data were collected in the test,the repeated measures variance(ANOVA)is applied to analyze the influences of variables on the characteristics of young drivers and their significance.and the correlation between the indicators was analyzed using the distance correlation coefficient method.The test showed that the effective illumination level significantly affected the young drivers’ driving safety,and the traffic hazard scenarios such as crossing behaviors of pedestrians amplified the influence.When the effective illumination is greater than 50 lx,the EEG(α+θ)/β significantly decreases,the brake pedal depth ratio significantly increases,and the success rate of avoiding pedestrians is significantly reduced,indicating that the young drivers’ alertness significantly increased and the operational stability decreased,and their driving safety is affected.Again,with braking response distance and brake pedal depth ratio as dependent variables,a prediction model of young drivers’ driving behavior was established based on decision tree algorithm,and the results showed that the pupil area change rate was the first feature affecting the two driving operation indicators,and the model have a good prediction influence with strong interpretability.Finally,a solution for improving the response of supplemental light on night driving safety is proposed,that is set the supplemental light buffer.The length of the supplemental light buffer is determined based on the driver’s pupil delay and recovery time,and a simulated driving test with an effective illumination of 70 lx and 90 lx is conducted under the behavior scenario of pedestrian crossing the road with 20 lx as the complementary effective illumination,which initially verifies that the supplemental light buffer can effectively reduce the impact of supplemental light on young drivers’ night driving safety.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the rationalization and humanization of supplemental light settings,and enrich and expand the research of supplemental light considering driving behavior. |
