Pedestrian Behavior Decision Model Considering Buffer Space

In recent years,as people continue to gather in cities,there are more opportunities for dense crowds to appear.Crowding and stampedes are likely to occur,resulting in casualties and property losses.The pedestrian flow simulation model is an effective method to simulate pedestrian traffic and can be used to prevent safety accidents in pedestrian traffic.With the improvement of people’s requirements on pedestrian flow simulation model,it has become the key to establish pedestrian flow model to simulate the movement mode of crowd flow by simulating the microscopic behavior decision of pedestrians and utilizing the interaction between pedestrians and pedestrians,pedestrians and the surrounding obstacles and the environment.In view of this requirement,this thesis obtains the relevant mechanism of influencing pedestrian behavior decision through the field observation of pedestrian flow,and quantifies the influencing factors of pedestrian behavior decision through experiments.The mathematical function between influencing factors and behavior decision is established,and the behavior decision algorithm is established by making full use of Agent theory,and the pedestrian flow simulation model reflecting individual differences is built.This thesis first analyzes the relationship between pedestrian movement space and behavior decision,introduces the concept of buffer space through pedestrian movement space,and defines the minimum movement space of pedestrians when they maintain the desired speed and do not make other behavior decisions as buffer space.Field observation experiment and single-line pedestrian movement experiment were designed to obtain pedestrian movement data at different speeds respectively,and the mathematical function between buffer space and speed was established.According to the function relation and Agent thought,a behavior decision algorithm based on buffer space is constructed.On this basis,a simulation program is compiled,and an experiment of two-way traffic flow is designed.Compared with the simulation program that does not consider the influence of buffer space,the effectiveness of the model is verified.The main conclusions are as follows: First,the relationship between pedestrian buffer space and speed is basically linear.Under normal motion,the relationship between pedestrian buffer space and speed can be expressed by S=0.88v-0.262 and S=0.54v-0.232.The range of pedestrian buffer space under different speeds is between the two functions.In running state,the function relationship between buffer space and speed is S=0.4v-0.105.Second,the simulation results show that the simulation model considering buffer space can simulate the difference of pedestrian perception and decision process at different speeds.Therefore,the automatic channelization of pedestrian flow can be well simulated,the pedestrian path can be optimized,and the confrontation time of pedestrians can be reduced.Therefore,the evacuation time is shorter,which is more in line with the actual situation of pedestrian flow.In the validity verification of the model,the model can well simulate pedestrian channelization phenomenon under the condition of low,medium and high density pedestrians,and the density-flow simulation data curve is basically consistent with the survey simulation curve.