| The study of urban spatial form includes several aspects such as the analysis of the elements of urban spatial form composition,the portrayal of urban spatial form and the evolution of urban spatial form,which are important components of urban studies.The study of urban spatial form has an important role to play in the resolution of the human-land conflict and the enhancement of the human living environment in cities,and has become a prerequisite and basis for the formulation of sustainable urban development strategies and an important reference for understanding and managing cities.At present,the study of urban spatial form has gradually entered a quantitative phase,but there are still many limitations.Firstly,the visualisation of urban morphology studies is weak and non-specialist planners and policy makers often do not have direct access to intuitive urban spatial patterns from the results of digital urban morphology analysis;secondly,the study of urban spatial morphology is relatively macroscopic in scale,and the complexity and local variability of urban morphological features are difficult to reflect;finally,the research objects of urban spatial morphology are mostly based on single elements such as buildings and road networks,lacking comprehensive analysis of multiple elements,and the research results are relatively one-sided.The lack of understanding of urban spatial morphology has become a bottleneck restricting the scientific formulation of urban development planning.Taking the central city of Zhengzhou City,Henan Province as an example,this paper investigates the building morphology within the inner,middle and outer three rings of Zhengzhou City by means of image analysis and site investigation,on the basis of which a basic model of building morphology is established and the fractal theory is used to portray the two-dimensional and three-dimensional spatial morphology of buildings from different directions and different gradients;this is followed by a grid division to show the differences in the spatial distribution of urban spatial forms at a fine scale.Finally,geographically weighted regression is used to analyse the distribution of building forms in relation to the surrounding road network.The main findings of the study are as follows:1.The combination of two-dimensional and three-dimensional fractal dimensions helps to reveal more comprehensive information about the building layout of Zhengzhou.The fractal dimensionality of the building masses shows a decreasing gradient from the inner ring to the outer ring,forming an ’annual cycle’ of urban expansion.In addition,the fractal dimensionality of the buildings in different directions varies significantly,reflecting the development trend of the city.2.Both the global and local spatial autocorrelation of the building layout in Zhengzhou show significant positive correlations;there are obvious differences in the spatial patterns of buildings in different areas.A refined grid analysis can provide a more detailed understanding of urban spatial structure and development patterns,and improve the refinement of urban spatial morphology research.3.There is a significant correlation between building forms and road network forms in Zhengzhou.There are complex,diverse and orderly correlations between the indicators of road network integration and selectivity obtained using the spatial syntactic model,the planar form of building layout and the three-dimensional form of buildings,which are the basis for the analysis of the law of interaction between urban buildings and road networks.In summary,buildings are the basic elements of urban morphology,and urban spatial morphology analysis based on building layout can visualise the characteristic indicators of urban spatial morphology,reveal the spatial differences of urban morphology at a fine scale,and at the same time clarify the interconnection between urban building layout and road network distribution,so that urban information can be obtained more intuitively.The aim of this paper is to promote the research of quantitative measurement of urban spatial morphology,explore the spatial correlation law between quantitative results and road morphology,carry out spatial visual representation,and provide a concrete basis for urban planning and government decision-making. |
