| As a comprehensive military defense architecture system,the Great Wall is deeply influenced by the ecological,geographical,human and economic aspects of the space in which it is located.As an integral part of the Great Wall system,the existence of the fortress reflects the interaction between people and the environment under the Great Wall system in the region,as well as the adaptation relationship between people and land.With the continuous improvement of the military defense system of the Ming Dynasty Great Wall in Jiuquan and Jiayuguan,the military fortress and its nearby water environment,which were gradually formed under the joint action of the soldiers and the people of the fortress,eventually became an important historical and cultural landscape in the region under a specific historical environment through the polishing of time,which contains a very rich cultural connotation.This paper takes the distribution space of military forts under the Jiuquan-Jiayuguan Ming Dynasty Great Wall system as the starting point,takes landscape archaeology as the research perspective,integrates the multidisciplinary theories of archaeology,history and landscape science,and the spatial analysis method and GIS tools in archaeology,takes military forts such as Mao Laiquan Fort and Zhen Yishao as examples,focuses on the spatial variability of military forts and their contained water landscapes in different regions in the region,and on this basis explores the spatial distribution pattern of military forts within the Jiuquan-Jiayuguan section of the Great Wall system with Suzhouwei as the center and the formation mechanism and classification of water landscapes of the Great Wall.The Jiuquan-Jiayuguan section of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty built three military defenses centered on the Suzhouwei,and in the process used the water resources of the Tao Lai River basin and the Hei River basin as a supplement to the border wall and the moat outside the fortress,thus completing the defense system of the Jiuquan-Jiayuguan section of the Great Wall.In the process of building the Great Wall,the Ming government used the water resources in the basin to build a large cantonment around some of the military forts,which provided sufficient material resources for the army and people in the defense system of the Ming Great Wall in Jiujia,thus forming three types of water landscapes,including military water landscape centered on military defense,agricultural water landscape with irrigation canal system and urban water landscape with strong humanistic color.But the Ming Great Wall water landscape is not single,in most cases it is a composite water landscape that belongs to the above three types of water landscape together.By focusing on the landscape jointly formed by people and water under the Ming Great Wall system from the perspective of spatial analysis and analyzing the differences it has,we can clarify the importance of the surrounding environment for the protection of the Great Wall in the process of Great Wall conservation,and can provide a certain research perspective for the Great Wall landscape study. |
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