Research On Fire Evacuation Path Planning Of Hospital Building Based On BIM And Dijkstra Algorithm

As a crowded place,general hospitals are characterized by dense flow of people,elderly,infirm,disabled pregnant women and injured people.Once the fire,if not quickly evacuated,will greatly endanger the health care and patient’s personal and property.It will also bring great adverse effects to the society.Since the large-scale outbreak of COVID-19,higher requirements have been put forward for the functions of comprehensive hospitals,and fire evacuation of general hospitals should be paid great attention.At present,scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research work from the perspective of behavioral science,psychology,experimental science and so on,but few have planned the most efficient evacuation path from the perspective of the integration of architecture and modern computer technology.Therefore,starting from the overall general hospital building,this paper summarizes the characteristics of crowd evacuation after a fire in a general hospital,analyzes the existing problems,and discusses the rules of fire evacuation.A building fire evacuation model based on BIM technology is established.By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of Dijkstra and other path algorithms,the superiority of Dijkstra method is clarified,and Dijkstra is improved.Firstly,multiple source points are established,so that the method can plan for multiple directions of multiple target source points,so as to better adapt to the actual hospital evacuation situation.Secondly,according to the various factors affecting the evacuation route,the crowding degree,visibility and traffic factors are introduced,and the evacuation effect of the crowd is studied.The Dijkstra algorithm is optimized.The optimized Dijkstra algorithm and BIM technology are effectively combined to realize the selection of the shortest evacuation path,which can win valuable time for fire evacuation and rescue work,so as to realize efficient evacuation in a real sense.Finally,taking a general hospital in Anhui Province as an example,taking the fire accident as the event background,on the basis of BIM technology,using the improved Dijkstra algorithm to carry out the evacuation route planning and design of the general hospital.This method can effectively reduce the crowd crowding,reduce the evacuation of the crowd,so that the evacuation speed of people can be effectively improved.It provides a reference for making fire evacuation plan of general hospital.