Research On Group Evacuation Simulation And Fire Rescue Path Planning In Supermarket Under Fire Environment

With the rapid development of the economy,the number of supermarkets that are closely related to people's lives is increasing and the scale is expanding,which brings great convenience to people's lives.But at the same time,it also brings some security problems.There are many people and flammable materials in the supermarket.In the event of a fire,if the evacuation is not timely,it will cause a major fire accident.Therefore,how to carry out group evacuation in supermarkets and find the optimal fire rescue route in the fire environment is an urgent problem to be solved.Based on the emergency evacuation of supermarkets,this paper constructs the evacuation model of supermarkets in the fire environment according to the personnel evacuation characteristics,and studies the influence of different factors on the evacuation time.And the improved ant colony algorithm is used to explore the optimal path for fire rescue.The main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)From the three aspects of group evacuation model,group evacuation simulation software and evacuation path planning,this paper analyzes related research at home and abroad.And based on the actual situation of supermarkets in fire environment,this paper summarizes the shortcomings in current research on group evacuation simulation and evacuation path planning.The focus of this paper is to construct a group evacuation model that comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors and to plan an optimal fire rescue route.(2)Based on the analysis of personnel evacuation characteristics and the factors affecting evacuation in the fire environment,the group evacuation model in supermarket fire environment is constructed based on the cellular automata theory.Group evacuation in a fire environment is a complex process involving many factors such as fire environment,personnel psychology and evacuation behavior.Therefore,this paper constructs a group evacuation model that considers the factors of export attraction,fire repulsive force,friction force,crowd attraction,crowding repulsive force,inertia force and guiding force.The program is written by MATLAB software,and the rationality of model is verified by using the evacuation simulation software.(3)Aiming at the fire rescue behavior of firefighters in fire environment,the improved ant colony algorithm is used to quickly find the optimal path.The improvement strategies mainly include improved heuristic information,directional path selection strategy and the crossover,mutation and selection of fusion genetic algorithm.The simulation results show that the improved ant colony algorithm with genetic algorithm can quickly and accurately find the optimal path.In terms of comprehensive performance,the improved ant colony algorithm is superior to the antcolony algorithm.(4)The constructed model is used to simulate the group evacuation of supermarket in the fire environment,and the effects of export-related settings,total number of evacuations,herd behavior and guidance on evacuation time are studied.The research shows that the model can visually observe the group evacuation process in the fire environment,reflect the law of personnel movement,and provide suggestions for improving the evacuation-related settings of the supermarket and improving the evacuation efficiency of personnel.Using the improved ant colony algorithm can quickly find the optimal rescue route from the exit to the fire point,and guide the firefighters to carry out fire rescue.