| As a type of clean energy with abundant reserves,simple technology,high conversion efficiency,and wide distribution,photovoltaic power generation is undoubtedly the optimal solution to resolve China’s energy crisis and promote low-carbon development and achieve dual carbon goals.In this study,based on fin-enhanced heat dissipation,numerical simulation was used to investigate the effect of forced circulating ventilation and phase change material cooling methods on the heat transfer performance of photovoltaic panels due to the influence of working temperature on the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells.Firstly,the heat transfer mechanism of three different structural photovoltaic panels was analyzed,and factors affecting their heat transfer performance were mainly identified as fin spacing,fin height,inlet airflow velocity,type of phase change material,and surrounding environmental parameters,by analyzing the heat transfer process of the photovoltaic panel.Secondly,a reinforced photovoltaic panel heat dissipation model was established,and the impact of fin height,fin spacing,and inlet airflow velocity on the heat transfer performance of the photovoltaic panel was investigated through numerical simulation.Under natural convection conditions,a fin spacing of 6mm had the best cooling effect on the photovoltaic panel,and the average temperature of the panel decreased by about 11℃compared to without fins,with a 5.67%increase in power generation and a 0.7%increase in power generation efficiency.When the fin spacing was 6mm,the temperature of the panel gradually decreased with the increasing fin height,but when the fin height was too high,the cooling effect was no longer obvious.At a fin height of 90mm,power generation efficiency and power generation increased by 10.09%and 1.24%,respectively.Under forced circulating ventilation cooling conditions,when the fin spacing was 6mm,fin heigh was 80mm,and the inlet airflow velocity was 1m/s,the net power generation of the photovoltaic panel reached its maximum value,with an increase in net power generation and power generation efficiency of 14.6%and 2.25%,respectively.The cooling effect of forced circulating ventilation cooling technology on the panel varied under different environmental parameters.The net output power of the panel with a fin height of 80mm increased by 10.32%when the solar radiation intensity was 1200W/m~2,and the net output power of the panel with a fin height of 70mm increased by 8.4%when the environmental temperature was 15℃,indicating that this technology is more suitable for high radiation and low-temperature regions(such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau).Finally,the enhanced heat transfer effect of fins on the phase change material was studied.With the decrease in fin spacing,the increase in the panel temperature in the initial stage decreased accordingly.When the fin spacing was 4mm,it was found that the temperature rise rate gradually increased after 3300s and was higher than that of the panel with a fin spacing of6mm.With the increase of fin height,the increase in panel temperature gradually decreased,and the temperature control effect was no longer obvious when the fin height exceeded 70mm.When the fin spacing was 6mm and the fin height was 90mm,the panel temperature decreased by 35℃compared to the natural convection conditions without fins after 7200s.Under the cooling condition of phase change material,with a fin spacing of 6mm and fin height of 70mm,the influence of different environmental parameters on the heat dissipation performance of the photovoltaic panel was investigated.When the solar radiation intensity was 1200W/m~2,the panel temperature decreased by 41.2℃,and when the environmental temperature was 25℃,the temperature decreased by 38℃.This indicates that the system has better cooling effect on the battery plate under higher solar radiation intensity and environmental temperature. |
