Design And Implementation Of Intelligent Solid State Circuit Breaker For New Energy Vehicles

With the outbreak of the global energy crisis in recent years,the development of the new energy industry has attracted more and more attention.In this context,the development of the new energy automobile industry is booming.In the process of the development of new energy vehicles,the safety issue is one of the most important issues,because the new energy vehicles with high voltage battery as the power source,the current and voltage value in the circuit is very high,in the event of failure is easy to cause device damage and line burn,resulting in explosion and fire accidents,among which the circuit breaker as the main switch to control the entire car circuit,In this case,its protective effect is particularly important.At present,the circuit breakers used in automobiles are mostly mechanical fuses.Compared with traditional mechanical circuit breakers,the solid circuit breakers composed of power electronic components have the advantages of fast breaking speed and long service life,which can provide better safety and reliability for new energy vehicles.This paper first introduces the new energy vehicle DC circuit breaker research background and domestic and foreign research status,tells the development history and evolution trend of DC circuit breaker.Then introduces the design of the overall scheme,is all solid-state circuit breaker with intelligent module composed of intelligent solid-state circuit breaker,and then introduces the scheme of the main circuit design,the author selected IGBT switching tube and silicon carbide MOS tube two kinds of switching devices as the main switch device,set up the main switch circuit,and carried out the corresponding device selection and switching simulation,At the same time,the driving scheme of switching device is selected.The possible faults of DC solid circuit breaker such as overcurrent,overvoltage,short circuit and overtemperature are analyzed,and the corresponding solutions are proposed to design the protection circuit,and the effectiveness of the protection circuit design is proved by simulation.Finally,there is the circuit principle analysis of solid state circuit breaker auxiliary module,including single-chip microcomputer control module,current and voltage acquisition module,data storage and communication module and power module,but also explained the software part of the work flow.Based on the introduction of the overall scheme above,the author respectively used IGBT and silicon carbide MOS tube as the main switch to build an experimental prototype of DC solid-state circuit breaker for new energy vehicles to simulate the operating conditions of new energy vehicles.The actual test for the faults mentioned above was carried out successfully under the condition of400V/170 A for safety shutdown.And the shutdown time is kept within 10 us,completing the preliminary safe operation of the prototype.