Study On Fire Simulation Of High-Rise Office Building And Optimization Of Fire Protection Facilities And Personnel Evacuation

With the development of urbanization,there are more and more high-rise office buildings.When a fire occurs in a high-rise office building,the fire and smoke spread very fast,making rescue and fire fighting very difficult.The speed of evacuation and the effect of the office building’s own fire fighting facilities determine the casualties of fire accidents,so it is very important to strengthen the research of smoke control and personnel evacuation in high-rise office buildings.Based on this,this paper takes a closed high-rise office building as the research object,and uses Pyrosim and Pathfinder software to conduct coupled simulation of smoke spread and personnel evacuation to investigate whether personnel can evacuate in the case of partial failure of fire protection facilities,and how to optimize fire protection facilities and evacuation strategies to enable personnel to evacuate safely in the case of no evacuation.The main contents of this paper are as follows.(1)an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the spread of fire smoke and the factors affecting the evacuation of personnel,and conclude that the spread of fire smoke,visibility,CO concentration,O2 concentration,temperature,etc.are important factors affecting the safe evacuation of personnel.(2)Obtain the location of unfavorable fire sources through fire hazard analysis and simulation.Through fire and evacuation coupling simulation,the normal operation of the mechanical pressurized air supply system is obtained as a prerequisite for the safe evacuation of personnel on the upper floors.The fire smoke simulation and evacuation simulation were conducted under the premise of normal operation of the mechanical pressurized air supply system to study the possibility of safe evacuation of personnel in the event of failure or effectiveness of the sprinkler system and smoke extraction system.It was concluded that in the case of failure of either system,the personnel could not be evacuated safely.(3)Optimization of fire protection facilities and evacuation strategies.For the scenario where the sprinkler system fails and the mechanical smoke exhaust system is effective,the mechanical smoke exhaust system is improved by increasing the smoke exhaust volume and the area of the smoke vent,so that the personnel can be evacuated safely.For the scenario that the mechanical smoke exhaust system failed while the sprinkler system and smoke prevention system were still effective,the sprinkler system was improved by increasing the sprinkler intensity,and it was found that the increase in sprinkler intensity had less effect on the smoke spread,and it was always difficult for the personnel to evacuate safely.Through the coupled simulation of smoke spread and evacuation,it was found that there was a behavior of personnel wasting evacuation time in the evacuation process,and by optimizing the evacuation strategy,the result of personnel being able to evacuate safely was obtained.