| "To ensure the longevity of a tree,one must strengthen its roots;to achieve a far-reaching flow of water,one must excavate its source." As a unique educational and academic research institution in ancient China’s later period,academies have played an irreplaceable role in maintaining Chinese cultural traditions and developing education for thousands of years.In1482,during the Ming Chenghua period,Baiquan Academy was established in the beautiful scenery of Sumen Baiquan,which elevated its cultural heritage,imbued it with a landscape spirit,and transformed Sumen into a cultural oasis.However,over the centuries,the academy fell into disrepair,lost its name,and resulted in problems such as the deterioration of the garden and the loss of cultural significance.Therefore,in response to the guidance of cultural policies,it is necessary to restore Baiquan Academy and use it as the core for planning and designing Baiquan Garden in the form of academy gardens to achieve a harmonious integration of culture and scenery and better preserve the academy’s culture.This article conducts research in the following areas:Firstly,this article clarifies the concepts of academy culture and academy gardens,and reviews the progress of related research.The study then focuses on existing typical academy cases that meet the criteria of restoration and reconstruction as well as outward manifestation of academy gardens.These cases are analyzed to summarize their experience and content,which can serve as valuable references for future studies.Secondly,based on the modern development background and superior planning of Baiquan Garden,this study analyzes the current status of the Baiquan Academy site and Baiquan Garden through literature review and field research,and summarizes the main existing problems.In response to these issues,this study proposes four overall planning and design strategies:highlighting the focus of the academy,creating the artistic conception of the academy,restoring the ecological pattern,and revitalizing cultural heritage.Furthermore,this study extracts,reproduces,and applies traditional academy cultural elements to provide specific planning and design methods for various aspects of garden architecture,hydrology,and vegetation.These proposals provide a clear direction for future planning and design of Baiquan Garden.Finally,based on relevant laws and regulations and the strategies summarized earlier,this article proposes a landscape planning and design scheme for Baiquan Garden.The theme of "education and popularity,eternal vitality" is determined based on the three meanings of the name of the Baiquan Academy.The design concept of integrating education with scenery,harmonizing with nature,simplicity and practicality,and social participation is adopted.Based on the inheritance and utilization of academy culture,the planning structure of "one core,two belts,three zones,and twelve landscapes" is formed,and special restoration design for Baiquan Academy,planning design for other scenic areas,and specialized planning design are conducted respectively.Finally,the landscape planning and design of Baiquan Garden are completed.In summary,based on relevant theories and case studies,this article has conducted indepth research on the cultural connotations of Baiquan Academy and Baiquan Garden through literature review and field research.Combining with the higher-level planning and analyzing the current situation,the article has summarized the landscape planning design strategies and methods based on the inheritance of academy culture,and has completed the landscape planning design of Baiquan Garden,including the restoration design of Baiquan Academy and the planning design of other scenic areas.It is hoped that this article can provide reference and help for the subsequent reconstruction of Baiquan Academy and the construction of Baiquan Garden. |
