Research On The Spatial Form Of Traditional Settlement Of "Northern Dong" In Western Hunan

The Dong people are mainly distributed in the border areas of Hunan,Guangxi and Guizhou provinces and the southwestern part of Hubei.They have a long ethnic history.Among the many ethnic minorities in our country,the Dong people are famous for their strong sense of architecture.Historically,under the influence of political and geographical factors,the Dong people were divided into two branches,north and south.Because the southern Dong nationality retains relatively complete traditional cultural customs and settlement patterns,most academic circles conduct research on the southern Dong nationality,and pay less attention to the northern Dong nationality.This paper takes Beidong settlements in Xinhuang County,western Hunan Province as the object,and comprehensively studies the spatial forms of their settlements and their influencing factors,so as to improve the inadequacies of academic research on the spatial forms of traditional Dong settlements in northwestern Hunan.On the basis of literature research and field research results,this paper comprehensively uses the theories and methods of urban and rural planning,geography and ethnology to conduct research.The full text is divided into three parts.The first part is the research basis.Through textual research on historical documents,it traces the historical evolution and the rise and fall of Xinhuang area,and summarizes the cultural characteristics of the local North Dong ethnic group.Then,55 North Dong settlements in Xinhuang were selected as the objects,and their spatial morphological characteristic elements were extracted and statistically analyzed,and a rough classification of North Dong settlements was carried out.From the perspective of the external space and the internal space,a comprehensive study of the spatial form of the traditional settlements of North Dong was carried out.In terms of external space form,the material elements of various types of settlements are firstly summarized,and the overall morphological characteristics of the settlements are analyzed according to the plane graphics.Then,the software was used to count the area and orientation data of the buildings in the sample settlements,thereby judging the orderliness of the settlements.In the aspect of internal space form,this paper firstly studies the structural form,hierarchical scale and interface composition of street space,and then divides the types of node spaces in traditional North Dong settlements according to the idea of "content-form",and analyzes its morphological characteristics;The third part is the extension of the study.On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the spatial form of the traditional settlements of the North Dong,the influencing factors of the spatial form of the traditional settlements of the Dong in northwestern Hunan are analyzed from three aspects: natural environment,economy and technology,and folk culture.