Study On Spatial Depth And Layers Of Landscape Space In Urban Parks

Spatial depth and layers have always been one of the key topics of concern in the creation of traditional Chinese gardens and modern urban park landscapes.The use of digital technology to accurately and scientifically recognize their objective morphological characteristics will be of great significance in guiding the creation of high-quality urban spaces,the digital development of landscape architecture and the promotion of the heritage of garden culture.In response to the problems of one-sided evaluation indicators of spatial depth and layers in previous studies,the difficulty of quantitative methods to meet the needs of accurate research at different levels,and the lack of objective and scientific judgement on the creation of depth and layers in design practice,we attempt to further expand the concept of depth and layers of landscape space,systematically construct its quantitative indicator system,optimise the quantitative methods of them with the use of digital technology,and explore the design strategies guided by the quantitative analysis of depth and layers.Firstly,the background of the study is discussed from the perspective of the development trend of the discipline and the needs of urban space creation.The shortcomings of the existing study on depth and layers of landscape space in terms of research content,quantification methods and design applications at home and abroad are reviewed and summarised.On this basis,the purpose and significance of the research and the methodological approach are clarified.In addition,the characteristics of landscape spatial depth and layers are studied.Through the development of theories and research methods related to depth and layers of landscape space,the embodiment of them in practice,the influencing factors,and the morphological characteristics of depth and layers are summarised from three levels: spatial visual axis and extension,spatial occlusion and penetration,and spatial layers and order.Then,the method of quantifying the spatial depth and layers of landscape space is constructed.The algorithm for quantification of depth and layers is designed based on 3D point cloud and machine vision imaging,and the morphological characteristics of depth and layers of landscape space are quantified and the corresponding calculation methods are constructed.The quantification methods and processes of them are discussed at three levels: static viewpoints,dynamic paths and the overall area,and typical landscape space types are classified according to the differences in depth and layers characteristics.A number of spaces in two typical urban parks in Nanjing are selected as samples for the quantitative analysis of depth and layers,and the distribution range and variation characteristics of the indicators are summarised to obtain the common patterns of them in different types of landscape spaces.By comparing the correlation between indicators in the index system and the numerical values of indicators among different samples,the scientificity and rationality of the index system are verified.Finally,the application of the quantitative model of landscape spatial depth and layers in practical design is systematically illustrated by taking an actual landscape design project as an example,and the practical value of the model is demonstrated by comparing the values of the indicators before and after design optimization,as well as the three-dimensional realistic perspectives.Through the investigation and analysis of spatial depth and layers of landscape space in several urban parks,it is found that the quantitative results of depth and layers of different types of landscape space have significant differences.Combined with the comparison of multiple indicators of multiple samples,it is verified that the quantitative index system can describe the morphological characteristics of depth and layers more comprehensively and accurately,and the quantitative method can effectively respond to the research and design needs of different scales and levels.At the same time,the quantified index system and the quantified method as an effective basic tool for the quantification of landscape spatial morphology research,has shown application prospects in the research fields of visual preference of urban landscape,urban green space design control and parametric assisted design of landscape space.