Research And Design Of Two-phase Stepping Motor Intelligent Drive Control System Based On MCU

Stepper motor is a kind of induction motor,which can transform pulse signal into linear or angular displacement,and needs to use special driver to drive in order to work properly.Stepper motor in the traditional whole-step and half-step drive mode of operation will be noise,vibration and failure and low control accuracy and other shortcomings,can not meet the needs of some control areas of precision.The motor driver requires a switching power supply to provide a stable operating voltage during operation,and the stability and accuracy of the motor requires a suitable control method and start-up control algorithm.This thesis studies the two-phase hybrid stepper motor and its drive control system.First,the internal structure and working principle of stepper motor are analyzed,and the operation of a traditional stepper motor is established and analyzed.For the problems of stepper motor,based on the analysis of various driving methods,it is proposed to adopt the subdivision drive technology,use timer PWM pulse width modulation as the control method of stepper motor,combine with double H-bridge power amplifier circuit,and design a high-performance stepper motor drive control system;in terms of software design,through the use of PID double closedloop control combined with BP neural network to achieve intelligent regulation,which overcomes the problems of current PID control and enables the stepper motor to achieve significantly better results than traditional PID control in terms of dynamic response,control accuracy,and load carrying capacity.Secondly,the hardware circuit design is completed with modular thinking.In this thesis,the STM32F103RBT6 chip is selected as the core control chip of MCU,the THB7128 is selected as the driver chip,and the optocoupler isolation circuit is added to prevent interference,completing the hardware circuit design of the system control module and motor driver module and other parts.This thesis also designs and produces a 24 V switching power supply for stepper motors,which can provide a stable voltage source for the system.Meanwhile,under Keil programming environment,the design of main program and subroutines are completed,and the software application layer is configured to establish the system software performance test platform,and the effect of adaptive adjustment of PID parameters is tested under two input motor speed signals using the program method respectively.The human-computer interaction with the upper computer software is carried out,and the data is received and sent using the full-duplex asynchronous serial communication mode to grasp the motor operation status in real time.Finally,the hardware circuit experimental test platform is built,the output voltage of the designed switching power supply circuit is measured;the function of the drive circuit system is debugged and tested,and the maximum no-load speed of the stepper motor under different numbers of subdivisions are measured separately with a speed meter and analyzed for comparison;the mathematical model of the two-phase hybrid stepper motor drive circuit is built in MATLAB/Simulink software and the relationship between the fine fraction and the running.It is verified that the PID closed-loop control algorithm combined with neuron can effectively prevent the motor out-of-step phenomenon and realize the highly accurate position control of stepper motor.By comparing the effect of traditional PID control,it is verified that the design of this drive system is reasonable and the stepper motor can operate stably and meet the intended functional requirements.