Optimization Study Of Forest Landscape Pattern In Huarong County

As one of the components of land landscape,forest landscape has multiple functions such as ecology,production and life,and plays a significant role in maintaining ecological balance,carrying out ecological civilization construction,and achieving "carbon emissions peak,carbon neutrality".With the rapid development of urbanization and the frequent occurrence of ecological problems on earth,the protection and restoration of regional natural ecology have become key tasks.In order to improve and enhance the ecological environment,the forest landscape pattern has become a hot topic in ecological security research.However,most of the relevant research results are large and broad in scale,making it difficult to translate them into practical application plans.Therefore,it is important to study the optimization of county forest landscape pattern to guide county forest land conservation and utilization planning and promote the sustainable development of forest resources.This study takes Huarong County as the research object,selects the basic data of forest resources in 2010 and 2020,uses Arcgis 10.8 software to classify the forest landscape types in Huarong County and establish a database,analyzes the characteristics of spatial and temporal changes of forest landscape pattern in Huarong County between 2010 and 2020,and analyzes the factors that cause the changes of forest landscape pattern in Huarong County from both natural and socio-economic aspects.Finally,the forest landscape ecological network was constructed based on the minimum cumulative resistance model for pattern optimization,and suggestions were made in combination with the driving factors of the current forest landscape pattern.The results of the study are as follows:(1)Based on Arcgis 10.8,the forest landscape of Huarong County in 2010 and 2020 was divided into ten categories of secondary landscapes.The results of landscape type area analysis show that the forest landscape in the study area is dominated by coniferous and broad-leaved forests,and the non-forest landscapes are dominated by cropland landscapes.During the period 2010-2020,the area of forest land decreased by 590.76 hm2 and the area of non-forest land increased by 590.81 hm2.In terms of space,the forest land landscape shows a pattern of "dense in the northeast and sparse in the southwest",mainly distributed in the eastern and northern areas of the county,with a small amount distributed in the western and southern areas;among the non-forest land,the cultivated land landscape is almost distributed in the whole county of Huarong County;the water area is distributed in blocks or bands in various parts of the county;and the construction land is mainly distributed in the central area.(2)According to the landscape transfer matrix and dynamic attitude analysis,the landscape type transfer between 2010 and 2020 is dominated by coniferous forests,mixed coniferous forests,and cultivated land landscapes,and the dynamic attitude of mixed coniferous transfer out is the largest,and the dynamic attitude of broad-leaved forest transfer in is the largest.The landscape pattern as a whole has the phenomenon of landscape type transfer from coniferous forest,mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest,and cultivated land to broadleaf forest,other woodlands,and construction land,among which all mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest are transferred to other landscape types.Using Fragstats to calculate the landscape pattern index and analyze the results,the dominant landscape of woodland is transformed from coniferous forest landscape to broad-leaved forest landscape between 2010 and 2020,the landscape fragmentation in the study area is deepening,and the structure and shape of landscape types tend to be complicated,and the current situation of the forest landscape pattern in Huarong County is more problematic.(3)The research results of qualitative and quantitative analysis on the driving factors of the forest landscape in Huarong County indicate that both natural and socioeconomic factors have an impact on the changes in the forest landscape pattern in Huarong County.Among the natural factors,elevation,slope,and slope direction influence the spatial distribution of forest landscape types in Huarong County,and the suitable temperature and precipitation provide a good growing environment for forest plants.Among the socio-economic factors,labor migration,economic development,government infrastructure construction,and ecological environmental protection policies have an important impact on the changes in forest landscape patterns.(4)Based on the results of the analysis of the current problems of the forest landscape pattern and its driving factors in Huarong County,the objectives and principles of forest landscape pattern optimization are proposed,the ecological network of forest landscape in Huarong County is constructed and evaluated based on the minimum cumulative resistance model,and the results show that the optimized forest landscape pattern is scientific and reasonable,and finally the optimization recommendations are made in terms of forest landscape community structure,the current engineering of the county,forest land protection policies and ecological network and other aspects to put forward optimization suggestions.Faced with the ecological problems brought by continuous urbanization,this study takes Huarong County beside the Dongting Lake as the research object and conducts a forest ecological network study at the county scale.The research results can be applied to the planning of forest land protection and utilization in Huarong County and the construction of urban ecological civilization in the county,with a view to promoting the sustainable utilization of forest ecological resources and mitigating the impact of economic development on the ecological environment.