Study On Sunshade Zoning And Design Of Urban Residential Buildings Based On Bioclimatic Map

Buildings should adapt to climate.It is an important measure to maximize the use of climate resources in architectural design and avoid adverse climate impacts.Residential buildings are the largest building type in urban buildings,and also an activity space with high utilization rate in daily life of residents.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the climate adaptability of urban residential buildings.In urban residential buildings,the large window wall ratio in balconies has become a very common phenomenon.In hot summer,excessive solar radiation entering through windows causes indoor overheating and increases air conditioning energy consumption,which is the weak point of thermal insulation design in summer.Sunshade can prevent direct sunlight from entering the room through the window,which is an important measure to improve the indoor environment,but it also has a negative impact on the solar heat gain in winter.A reasonable and effective sunshade design needs to analyze the climate resources first.China is rich in climate resources.How should we conduct climate analysis in the process of architectural design?By inputting outdoor meteorological parameters,the bioclimate map realizes the correlation analysis between outdoor climate,passive design strategy and human thermal comfort.Therefore,this paper analyzes the building shading design with the help of the research method of the bioclimate map,and puts forward a more reasonable shading design method suitable for different climate resources in China.Based on this,the work done in this study is as follows:First of all,by investigating the research status of the bioclimate map and the human thermal adaptation model in different climatic regions in China,it is clear that the human thermal adaptation model in different climatic regions in China and the impact of solar radiation should be comprehensively considered when using the bioclimate map to calculate the shading potential.Secondly,based on the outdoor climate conditions and human thermal comfort,the shading potential of China is calculated,and then the indicators are selected for shading design zoning.Sun shading design will have an impact on solar heat gain in winter,so it needs to be weighed in architectural design.Firstly,the design conditions for shading are that the solar radiation illuminance is greater than 240 W/m~2,and the outdoor air temperature is higher than 29℃.The stations that do not need shading throughout the year are excluded;Then,from the perspective of human thermal comfort,using the bioclimatic map to calculate the time ratio of overheating and supercooling of 1021stations in China under the human thermal adaptation model in different climatic regions,based on this,the distribution trend of the national sunshade potential is completed using Arc GIS software,and China is divided into six sunshade potential regions:the best region,the appropriate I region,the appropriate II region,the appropriate III region,the unsuitable region,and the most unsuitable region.On this basis,select typical cities in different sunshade design zones to carry out more specific sunshade design analysis,and quantitatively propose appropriate forms and parameters for different outward sunshade of residential buildings.Firstly,the energy consumption simulation software Energyplus and the parameterization software j EPlus are used to calculate the building energy consumption and uncomfortable time,and the energy saving optimization database is established.Then,the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to optimize,and a set of Pareto optimal solution sets are obtained.The TOPSIS method is used to calculate the best solution set to obtain the optimal solution sets.Finally,the appropriate and quantitative shading design schemes for different shading design areas are proposed for reference.