| With the vigorous development of the global economy,the world’s railway transportation volume is increasing day by day,and the requirements for railway transportation vehicles are becoming more and more stringent.It is imperative for railway freight cars to achieve high speed,heavy load and light weight.As one of the light metal materials,aluminum alloy not only retains the advantages of lightness and corrosion resistance of aluminum metal,but also has been greatly improved in strength,rigidity and processing performance.This natural advantage has gradually begun to be used in the railway freight car industry.in.The heavy-duty aluminum alloy double-bath coal gondola is a new type of aluminum alloy railway freight car independently developed and produced in my country to meet the requirements of a certain line pair for the operation of 10,000-ton heavy-duty trains.Due to the harsh environment during the operation of the aluminum alloy gondola,it has to withstand the vertical and longitudinal loads generated during the operation,the inertial load of the coal in the car,etc.,as well as the jacking and rollover loads experienced during the maintenance and loading and unloading of the section,and The load-bearing capacity of the aluminum alloy gondola car reaches 80 tons,so higher requirements are put forward on the rigidity,static strength and fatigue performance of the aluminum alloy gondola car body.In this paper,using the finite element analysis method,taking the heavy-duty aluminum alloy double-bath coal gondola as the research object,using Hyper Mesh software to establish the car body finite element model,and using ANSYS software to determine the stiffness,static strength,fatigue strength,modal,and For performance analysis such as buckling,the performance of the car body is evaluated according to relevant standards,and the results of the static strength analysis of the car body are tested and compared.Finally,the strength of the connecting bolts of the key parts of the car body is checked.The specific research content and methods are as follows:(1)The development status of aluminum alloy railway freight cars at home and abroad is introduced.The structural features,materials and some parameters of the heavy-duty aluminum alloy double-bath coal gondola car body are summarized,and the Hyper Mesh software is used to complete the heavy-duty aluminum alloy double-bath coal transportation.The establishment of the finite element model of the gondola car body.(2)According to the requirements of TB 1335-1996 "Code for Strength Design and Test and Appraisal of Railway Cars" and TJ/CL 025-2012 "General Technical Conditions of Railway Freight Cars with Large Axle Load(Temporary)",determine the 8 static strengths of the car body Under working conditions,use ANSYS software to complete the calculation of static strength and stiffness.(3)Carry out static strength test on the car body,introduce the test operation method and technical requirements,mark the patch position,compare the static strength calculation data of the car body with the test data,evaluate the accuracy of the finite element analysis and analyze the error the reason.(4)Introduce the principle of modal analysis and stability analysis,and conduct modal analysis and stability analysis of the aluminum alloy gondola car body.Calculate the frequency of each mode shape of the car body in the two states of empty and heavy car;obtain the vulnerable parts of the car body structure,clarify the critical load factor of the car body instability point and the car under various longitudinal load conditions The critical buckling load of the body.(5)Based on the American Railroad Association "AAR M-1001-2007" standard,combined with the "BS 7608-1993" standard,the nominal stress method is used to analyze the fatigue strength of the car body structure,and it is determined that the fatigue cumulative damage in the aluminum alloy gondola structure is relatively large Calculate the life mileage and judge whether the car body meets the design requirements based on the calculation results.(6)Aiming at the M20×100 connecting bolts of the lower end plate of the end wall of the aluminum alloy gondola car body and the M36×100 bolts for connecting the support rods,based on the mechanical design theory and the "VDI 2230-2003" standard,the static strength conditions of the two sets of bolts A strength check was carried out to verify whether the two sets of bolts meet the requirements. |
