| Road traffic safety is the core of the regional and even national traffic safety system.Traffic accidents are the main cause of road safety.It is of great significance to explore the distribution of traffic accident hot spots and influencing factors.In view of the separation of temporal and spatial analysis of traffic accidents in the existing research at home and abroad,and the analysis of influencing factors does not consider the changes over time and space,this paper deeply analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution of traffic accident hot spots and the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors.In order to explore the characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution of traffic accidents,based on the statistical analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution of traffic accidents,the time and space dimensions are analyzed in a unified manner,and different time scales are selected to analyze the changes in traffic accident hot spots.First,the traffic accident day space-time cube based on the road network with a time interval of 2 hours is established,the Getis-Ord Gi* statistical analysis method is used to analyze the space-time distribution of traffic accident hot spots,and the difference in the space-time hot spot distribution between weekdays and weekends is to be compared.Then the annual space-time cube of traffic accidents based on the road network with a interval of 1 month is established,and using the Mann-Kenall trend analysis method to analyze the trend of cold and hot traffic accidents on a long-term scale.On the whole,the scope and intensity of hot spots on weekdays are greater than those on weekends,but the hot spots on weekdays last longer.The paper deeply studied the temporal and spatial differences in the distribution range and intensity of hot spots in various regions on weekdays and weekends.With regard to the long-term trend analysis of traffic accident cold and hot spots,it is found that new hot spots have appeared near the Medical Center in the study area,which should be paid attention to.In order to explore the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors of traffic accidents,the traffic accidents on workdays and non-workdays sections are used as dependent variables,roads and environmental factors are selected as independent variables,and three types of traffic accident regression models are established: ordinary least squares(OLS),geographic incremental regression(GWR),and geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR),and comparing the regression results.The research results show that GTWR has a better fitting effect,indicating that the impact of various influencing factors on traffic accidents is heterogeneous in time and space.In this study area,the length of the road section,building area,supermarkets,catering,and living service places in weekdays are strongly correlated with the traffic accident rate of the road section.Among them,the road section length and building density are mainly negatively correlated with the accident rate.Supermarkets,catering and living service places are mainly positively correlated with accident rates.In weekends,road section length,road density,building density,and number of buildings are mainly negatively correlated with the accident rate,while supermarkets,catering and living service places are mainly positively correlated with the traffic accident rate.Road grades,traffic stops,schools,etc.have a weak correlation with the traffic accident rate.Due to the failure to obtain domestic public traffic accident data that meets the research content of this article,the 2019 traffic accident data of a certain district of Chicago,on the US data disclosure website,is using as an example to analyze and verify the feasibility of the method in this article in traffic accident research.The research method in this paper can be applied to domestic traffic accident research in the future. |
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