Study On Water Production And Water Use Efficiency And Related Factors In My Country's Province

With the decrease in total water production and the increase in the population using water,there has been an imbalance between supply and demand of water resources.Therefore,research on water production and utilization is of great significance.This paper uses the SBM directional distance function and GML index to calculate the water production efficiency of 31 provinces and cities in China from 2012 to 2020.Principal component regression was used to analyze relevant factors and regional differences in water production efficiency in 2020.The non-angular and non-radial SBM directional distance function method can more accurately evaluate the water production efficiency.Principal component regression extracts common factors by reducing the dimension of independent variables and overcomes the multicollinearity among variables.In addition,in order to include all independent variables and overcome multicollinearity,partial least squares regression is used to study factors related to overall and tertiary industrial water use efficiency in 2019.Independent variables include factors related to the development level of the water industry.In order to study the water environment,factors related to drainage efficiency and water-saving efficiency in 2020 were considered.The independent variable is added with water ecological environment factors.Standardize the continuous independent variable and form a new independent variable with the regional categorical variable,find out the independent variables with significant correlation among each group of dependent variables,and use double screening stepwise regression.The results showed that:(1)The overall water efficiency in China is above medium.Water production efficiency is high in the west and low in the east.Stable fluctuations in water production efficiency and Global Efficiency Change.Global Efficiency Change is the driving factor for the increase in water production efficiency.Efficiency Change in the central and eastern regions promotes growth in water production rates.The decline of the Efficiency Change and Technology Change indices is an important reason for the non-improvement of water production efficiency in the western region.(2)Analysis of factors related to water production efficiency,in terms of social factors,the per capita GDP and urbanization rate are both positively correlated indicators.The development of agricultural economy is negatively correlated with water production efficiency.The development of the tertiary industry economy is positively correlated.In terms of natural factors,Annual precipitation and annual average temperature are both negatively correlated indicators.In terms of water treatment related factors,areas with high water production efficiency are rich in water resources.The investment in wastewater treatment is negatively correlated with water production efficiency.Water production efficiency is high in the west and low in the east.(3)Analysis of factors related to water use efficiency.Overall economic water use efficiency in 2019 is high in the east and low in the west.It is highly correlated with natural factors,the proportion of agricultural added value,the proportion of labor in the water industry,and the level of social development.Agricultural water use efficiency is high in the middle and low in the west.It is highly correlated with natural factors and the proportion of added value of primary and secondary industries.Industrial water efficiency is high in the east and low in the middle.It is highly correlated with natural factors,social development levels,and the proportion of capital in the water industry.There is a high correlation between per capita public water consumption and natural factors,sewage treatment rate,per capita GDP,and the proportion of added value of primary and secondary industries.It is less relevant to regional factors.(4)Double screening stepwise regression divides dependent variables into two groups.In the first group,per capita GDP is an important correlation factor.Overall economic water use efficiency is highly correlated with temperature,water ecological environment,and economic level.Agricultural water use efficiency is highly correlated with natural conditions,economic level,and ammonia nitrogen emissions.The region is characterized by high schools in the east and low schools in the west.High correlation between per capita public water consumption and natural conditions,per capita GDP.Drainage efficiency is highly correlated with economic level,urbanization rate,ammonia nitrogen emissions,and natural conditions.Regional performance is high in the east and low in the central and western regions.In the second group,precipitation and temperature are important related factors.Industrial water efficiency is highly correlated with natural conditions.High correlation between water saving efficiency and natural conditions and per capita GDP.The research results can provide reference for the optimal management and rational utilization of water resources.