Building Fire Based On Unity 3D Study On Optimal Escape Path Planning

In the current era of rapid socio-economic development,urbanization construction is accelerating,and the height and quantity of large buildings are increasing.Evacuation and escape of people during emergencies has become a major challenge.The traditional way mainly through the fire schematic and fire drill personnel evacuation to prevent danger.But in unfamiliar places people do not have the opportunity to drill and do not pay special attention to the fire schematic.This can lead to the loss of precious lives of people who cannot find escape routes.In addition,the fire causes a large amount of smoke will block the sight of the monitoring equipment,which may lead to the firemen unable to locate the trapped personnel timely,thus delaying the rescue time,resulting in unnecessary loss of property and life.This paper relies on the Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission’s industrial technology research and development project "Application Research of BIM-based High-rise Building Fire Rescue and Big Data Evacuation Planning System," and carries out research on the best evacuation path planning for building fires based on Unity3 D.The paper proposes the impact of congestion on the evacuation efficiency and verifies the feasibility of its theory or method through simulation using MATLAB,demonstrating that adjusting the route can reduce evacuation time.The paper improves and optimizes the A-Star algorithm based on a detailed analysis of factors that influence firefighting and evacuation behavior in buildings.Different weightings are used in the A-Star algorithm for different situations and applied to the Unity3 D virtual reality system,which improves the rapid planning and accuracy of the best evacuation path.The building indoor personnel location section uses UWB positioning technology to obtain personnel location information using DS-TWR,and combines wireless networking and serial port transmission to upload personnel information to a My SQL database,achieving real-time location of trapped personnel on the upper computer.This paper studies the method of building scene reconstruction based on Unity3 D technology,and combines location data to achieve real-time display of the location of trapped individuals in the Unity3 D virtual reality simulation of the fire scene.Through the design of the system’s hardware and the development of its software,this paper has truly achieved a system with wireless transmission function,easy operation,system stability,powerful ability of display,and intuitive user interface.It enables trapped individuals to find the most reasonable path through various obstacles and improves the efficiency of rescue personnel,helping trapped individuals calculate the optimal path to escape more accurately and quickly.