A Research On User Role Adaptation And Acceptance To Automated Vehicles

With the growth of artificial intelligence,the advent of autonomous driving technology provides people with safe and convenient travel,and governments and institutions have invested heavily in technology development.However,user adaptation and acceptance of automated vehicles have become an urgent issue to be studied and solved.Therefore,it is important to explore user adaptation and acceptance and their influencing factors,which are important for developing automated vehicles that meet different user needs and improving their acceptance and willingness to use.Currently,there is almost no research on role adaptation when driver control is transferred to an automated vehicle,and the impact of role transition on the acceptance of autonomous vehicles has not been explored.This study constructs a user role adaptation model and an acceptance model for autonomous driving using a structural equation modeling approach.The main contents are as follows,(1)Designed an experimental program for role adaptation and acceptance.We designed reasonable role adaptation and acceptance measurement scales and conducted scale pre-testing.Three autonomous driving following scenarios based on Pre Scan?software environment with defensive,normal,and aggressive driving styles,arranged the scenarios in Latin square order.Volunteers were recruited to simulate riding in automated vehicles with role experience and the scale data were collected.(2)Conducted a study on user role adaptation towards automated vehicles.A role adaptation model for automated vehicles was constructed based on factors such as trust,situational awareness,state anxiety,and role adaptation,and research hypotheses were formulated.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on the role adaptation scale data using SPSS? and MPLUS? software.A structural equation modeling approach was used to analyze each influence path in the role adaptation model and to test the multiple mediating effects of state anxiety and situational awareness as well as the moderating effect of autonomous driving style.The conclusions are as follows,i)Significant correlations were found between trust,situational awareness,state anxiety,and role adaptation.Trust had a significant negative effect on state anxiety and a significant positive effect on situational awareness.In addition to the direct positive effect of trust on role adaptation,it also has an indirect effect through situational awareness and state anxiety.ii)The negative effect of trust on state anxiety was positively moderated by the aggressive driving style.The negative effect of state anxiety on situational awareness was most significant in the normal driving style.Situational awareness had a significant negative effect on role adaptation in the defensive driving style and a significant positive effect on the normal driving style.Trust had a significant positive effect on role adaptation only in the aggressive driving style.The above influence paths were all moderated by the effect of the autonomous driving style.(3)Conducted a study on user acceptance of automated vehicles.Based on the structure of existing technology acceptance models and the role adaptation study in this paper,acceptance models were constructed based on perceived risk,perceived usefulness,trust,state anxiety,role adaptation,and behavioral intention to use,and research hypotheses were proposed.Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on the acceptance scale data.A structural equation modeling approach was used to conduct the path analysis,the multiple mediating effects of perceived usefulness,trust,state anxiety,and role adaptation,as well as the moderating effect of autonomous driving style.The conclusions are as follows,i)Users have the highest behavioral intention to use automated vehicles with a normal driving style and the lowest level of perceived risk with a defensive driving style.ii)Perceived risk does not directly affect behavioral intention to use,but has an indirect effect through several mediating variables such as perceived usefulness,trust,and role adaptation.iii)Perceived risk had a significant positive effect on role adaptation only when the defensive driving style was present.With defensive and normal driving styles,role adaptation had a significant positive effect on behavioral intention to use,and state anxiety had a significant negative effect on behavioral intention to use.Perceived risk had a significant positive effect on state anxiety during normal and aggressive driving styles,and perceived usefulness had a significant positive effect on behavioral intention to use only during the aggressive autonomous driving style.All of the above paths were moderated by the autonomous driving style.