| In order to deal with the Japanese invasion and protect the peace of the coastal areas in the early Ming Dynasty,a strict maritime defense system was established in the coastal areas of China,and a series of military engineering facilities such as wei defece settlement,suo defece settlement and beacon were built in various strategic places along the coast.Fujian,as one of the most serious areas of Japanese disaster in Ming Dynasty,is the key area of the construction of the maritime defense system in Ming Dynasty.With the development of domestic and foreign situations and the changes of trade policies in various periods of Ming Dynasty,Fujian maritime defense system has also been changing.By the late Ming Dynasty,Fujian coastal areas were formed into three prevention zones,namely,South,middle and North,each of which was provided with a joint commander in charge of sea defense and land defense,among which the South Road defense area of Fujian Province was under the jurisdiction of Zhangzhou Prefecture.The coastal defense and Defense Institute and folk soil fort in the prevention area had high research value.Firstly,the paper reviews the progress of the research on the Ming dynasty sea defense in the fields of history,architecture and geography at home and abroad,summarizes the shortcomings of the current research and determines the research direction.The main contents of this paper are as follows: the formation of the marine defense system in Fujian South defense area in Ming Dynasty,the level of the coastal defense system in Fujian South defense area in Ming Dynasty,the settlement and architectural space form of the coastal defense and defense institutes and folk soil fortresses.The first part analyzes the international situation and trade mode of southeast coastal areas in Ming Dynasty,analyzes the causes of the system from the perspective of marine culture,and summarizes the formation process of the coastal defense system in the South Road defense area of Fujian in Ming Dynasty.The second part studies the sea defense system of South Fujian road from four aspects: Maritime defense,coast defense,land defense line and information transmission,to analyze the defense characteristics of the defense system of military and civilian joint in the defense area.In the third part,zhenhai defece settlement,tongshan defece settlement and puxibao are selected as the typical cases of Haiwei and minbao,and their settlement and architectural space form characteristics are studied,and then the two characteristics of Haiwei and minbao are formed under the coastal defense system of Fujian South Road defense area in Ming Dynasty.The existing architectural scholars mostly study the whole coastal defense system and the regional coastal defense system of the Ming Dynasty from the macro-level,or study the settlement of a single coastal defense station from the micro-level,from the meso-level,there is a lack of research on the coastal defense system of one or several fortresses.In this paper,the coastal defense system of the south defense area in Fujian Province is studied,the author hopes to supplement the research of Fujian coastal defense system in Ming Dynasty to a certain extent.In addition,for a long time,the three types of settlements,namely coastal defense city,coastal city and coastal defense city,have been regarded as the core strength of coastal defense,neglecting that the people’s fort is also an important part of the coastal defense system,it is the participation of the civil force that further strengthens the overall defense of the coastal defense,increases the defense depth,studies it,is conducive to clarifying the overall picture of the characteristics of the coastal defense system in this area. |
