| In recent years,the issues of traffic congestion,environmental pollution and resource shortage have become increasingly prominent.With the mind of green and sustainable development,the use of electric buses in the public transportation has become an industry consensus.The use of multi-type electric buses plays an important role in improving the match between supply and demand and promoting the sustainable development of public transport.Compared with the traditional multi-type fuel-powered buses,in addition to the difference in vehicle capacity,the multi-type electric buses still have other differences in operating characteristics such as driving range,charging time and charging infrastructure requirement.These differences bring a new challenge to the operation planning and management of electric buses.Therefore,it is necessary to deeply study the operation planning and management of multi-type electric buses,so as to provide theoretical support for the large-scale promotion and use of multi-type electric buses.Firstly,after analyzing the impact of using electric buses on operation and management,with the objective function of minimizing the sum of passengers’ travel cost and operator’s cost,this thesis develops an integrated optimization model for timetable and vehicle scheduling with multi-type electric buses.Secondly,a heuristic solution method combining genetic algorithm with shifting departure time is developed.That is,based on the initial timetable generated by using small type buses,the timetable is updated by shifting partial trip departure times within a reasonable range,and then the final timetable,vehicle scheduling plan and bus type selection are generated.Finally,the solution method and steps are illustrated in detail through a numerical example,along with a case study of the 106 bus line in Dandong City.The research results show that,compared with using a single type bus,multi-type electric buses not only greatly reduce the passenger load surplus cost,and better matching supply and demand,but also significantly reduces the total costs of the electric bus system.The unit cost to reject a passenger has a great influence on bus type selection.With the increase of the value of the parameter,the number of trips serviced by small type buses gradually decreases,while the number of trips serviced by large type buses increases;when the unit cost to reject a passenger exceeds a certain value,the number of passengers rejected is0,and the numbers of trips serviced by small type buses and large type buses will not change. |
