Research On UAV Visualization Wave Position Design And Beam Tracking Simulation

With the continuous progress and development of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)technology,its application scenarios are no longer limited to a single UAV,but are developing in the direction of self-organizing and synergistic UAV Ad Hoc network.In order to support long-distance communication at the 100-kilometer level,UAV nodes are usually equipped with directional antennas.Directional antenna UAV network needs to solve the problems of antenna beam spatial coverage,neighbor scan discovery,and beam tracking.In view of these problems,this paper studies and proposes beam coverage algorithm,beam inference algorithm and beam tracking algorithm in dynamic environment.In order to facilitate the planning of UAV ad hoc networking protocol,an auxiliary tool software that can display the beam coverage effect in three dimensions is designed.The main tasks done in this paper are as follows:Firstly,aiming at the wave design problems required for spatial scanning in the initialization stage of UAV Ad Hoc network,as well as the problem that narrow beam neighbors finding takes a long time,the beam coverage algorithm and beam inference algorithm are proposed.In the directional UAV Ad Hoc network,when blind scanning the entire airspace to complete neighbor discovery,the mapping relationship between the beam and the airspace is required.In this paper,the study of the airspace coverage is converted into the problem of calculating the sub-beam required for the wide beam coverage area,forming an algorithm and calculation tool based on the idea of regular hexagonal joint coverage on the projection surface.The beam broadening effect is introduced to achieve seamless full coverage.The pointing position parameters of each sub-beam of the antenna are calculated,including the deflection angle and pitch angle.However,the use of narrow beams for full-space blind scanning nodes takes too long.This paper studies the iterative inference problem of multivariate antenna beams against the background of dynamic UAV Ad Hoc network without satellite navigation support,and performs collaborative beam inference through the real-time parameters calculated by the physical layer transceiver and the antenna control unit.An algorithm with certain scalability is formed,which can timely discover the potential links in the network,and reduce the time in the process of neighbor discovery.Secondly,aiming at the problem of maintaining the directional link between nodes during the mutual movement of the UAV Ad Hoc network,a tracking algorithm based on Kalman filtering and supporting rapid recovery after node disconnection is proposed.In the long-distance directional communication between UAVs,in order to maintain good communication performance,it is necessary to continuously adjust the beam angle of the transceiver to align according to the time slot allocation period and the flight position of the communication target to achieve real-time beam tracking.The high dynamics of UAV movements make beam alignment difficult.In view of this problem,this paper implements efficient tracking based on Kalman filtering,and designs a smooth trajectory model that is more in line with the dynamics of UAV motion.The tracking test of the one-hop neighbor node is carried out based on the trajectory model,which verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm.Finally,in order to facilitate the generation of beam codebooks for antenna designers and protocol designers,this paper designs a beam coverage effect three-dimensional auxiliary display tool software based on beam parameters and aircraft three-dimensional models.The above beam coverage algorithm is suitable for idealized models,but in the actual situation,we must consider the beam occlusion problem caused by the shape of the fuselage,the bulge of components and other factors.In this paper,an auxiliary tool software is designed using the existing three-dimensional modeling technology.The software can show the airspace coverage effect of different vehicle platforms,different types of antennas,different installation methods through reasonable working interface configuration,intuitively display the overlapping coverage of the sub-beam,and support the analysis and display of the fuselage on the antenna occlusion.Finally,parameters such as the pointing angle corresponding to each beam position are output.