Study On Drinking Water Pollution And Treatment In Britain From 1858 To 1876

With the attack of cholera and other diseases and the failure of Chadwick’s public health reform,the drinking water pollution in Britain in the middle of 19th century attracted more attention from the government and society.From 1858,when John Simon led the British public health reform,to 1876,when the Law of River Pollution Prevention and Control was promulgated,all walks of life in Britain carried out the practice of controlling drinking water pollution.The British Parliament passed many public health bills,water supply bills and rivers bills,which gave local authorities the power of health management and promoted the control of drinking water pollution legally.On the basis of a large number of social investigations,the central government adjusted the establishment of health institutions,realized the zoning control of drinking water sanitation responsibilities,and widely appointed doctors as health officers;Under the pressure of public opinion and government,British water supply company invested a lot of money in water quality treatment technology,and reformed the intermittent water supply system into a continuous water supply system.Water supply showed a development trend from private to municipal public mode.At the same time,the treatment of drinking water pollution in Britain can not be separated from the support and promotion of social forces.Some social experts,such as john snow and Bazargot,have made positive contributions in the fields of cholera control and new sewer system construction.From 1858 to 1876,the drinking water pollution control in The United Kingdom achieved certain results.The quality of drinking water was improved,cholera and other diseases were gradually reduced,and the national drinking water pollution control system in the United Kingdom was preliminarily perfected.However,the drinking water management in poor rural areas was still lagging behind.Under the joint action of multiple groups and channels,a series of efforts against drinking water pollution in The United Kingdom during 1858-1876 were characterized by "legalization","local","professional","gradual" and "regional differences".In the process of drinking water pollution control,the British people’s awareness of water protection has been improved;The health management functions of central and local governments have been strengthened,and the coordination between centralization and local autonomy has been realized.It has strengthened national intervention in the field of social health,laid the foundation for the construction of British welfare state,and promoted international cooperation on drinking water pollution control.