| Huagangguanyu Park is recognized by the landscape architecture community as one of the most successful garden works in New China for more than 70 years.It is an excellent model of garden planning,design and construction,and has milestone significance in the history of modern Chinese Gardens[1].The lawn scenic spot in the park has always been talked about by tourists and experts,but there are few studies on the space and composition of the lawn area.On the basis of consulting literature and collecting relevant data,this paper conducted on-site investigation and investigation on the North lawn area of Huagang Guanyu Park,and made graphical quantitative analysis on the spatial layout,plant characteristics,tour line perspective and landscape sequence of cedar lawn,zangshan Pavilion lawn and willow lawn respectively,and then summarized the following laws:(1)Cedar lawn,cangshange lawn and willow lawn,the ratio of the three groups of space lawn to their total area is 46%～53%,and the average value is 48.6%.The open section at the edge of lawn space accounts for 28%～32%,with an average of 29%.The space area ratio of the three groups of lawns is about 4:2:1.The ratio of the length of the edge open section is about 1.7:1.2:1,that is,the lawn space area is directly proportional to the length of the edge open section.The spatial aspect ratio of the three groups varied from 2:1 to 3:1.The average plant height and spatial aspect ratio of the three groups of lawn space are mostly between 1:3～1:8.5,which is in line with the change law of the ratio of forest height around the lawn to the diameter of open grassland proposed by Mr.Sun Xiaoxiang between 1:3～1:10.(2)In the plane layout,the three groups of lawn spaces are rich in forest edge lines,and the spaces are connected.Among them,cedar lawn and zangshan Pavilion lawn are mainly inward layout,enjoying the main scenery of the space inward,and willow lawn is outward layout,borrowing the scenery of Sili Lake outward.The facade composition takes plants as the main materials,highlights the ornamental characteristics of plants,and adopts the methods of density comparison and virtual real relationship in traditional gardens,so as to avoid the rigidity of facade composition.The main tree species of cedar lawn and cangshange lawn are cedar,but cedar lawn shows the group beauty formed by the combination of cedar,cherry blossom and camphor trees.The Cangshange lawn mainly shows the combined beauty of flora and architecture.The willow lawn takes willow as the main tree species and juniper as the basic tree species,showing the barrier function of plants and creating conditions for borrowing scenery outside the garden.(3)Using the equal perspective method and edge perspective method,it is concluded that the ratio of plant height on both sides to lawn width is 1:2～1:4,which is suiTab.le for tourists to visit and rest.(4)The North lawn area can be divided into three landscape sequences,but no matter which landscape sequence is entered,it borrows the methods of opening and closing,virtual and real changes and light and dark contrast in classical gardens for transition and turning,and finally reaches the spatial climax,forming the effect of "want to promote first and restrain first".The three landscape sequences can also be connected with each other and connected in series to form a circular overall landscape sequence. |
