| Innovation as the first driving force for development has become an inevitable requirement for China’s economy to transform from high-speed development to highquality.The construction of China’s regional innovation system has achieved phased results during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period,but there are still imbalances in regional innovation and development.The development level of innovation platforms in some regions is not high,and the flow of innovation elements is insufficient.As an important improvement in the quality of transportation facilities,high-speed railways have played an important role in solving the problem of passenger transportation on large corridors.The flow of factors caused by this has led to the dissemination and sharing of tacit knowledge,which is a great way to solve China’s problems in the process of regional innovation and development.In this context,exploring the impact of high-speed rail on regional innovation is conducive to promoting the coordinated development of highspeed rail and urban innovation.This paper conducts a theoretical analysis and empirical test on the innovation effect and threshold effect of high-speed rail.In theory,based on the analysis of the current situation of high-speed rail and regional innovation in my country,the reasons and mechanism of the impact of high-speed rail on regional innovation are analyzed by applying regional innovation system theory,new economic geography theory,knowledge spillover theory and threshold effect theory.Empirically,based on the panel data of 268prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2019,this paper firstly studies the effect of high-speed rail on Regional Innovation in the whole country using the multi-time point DID model,and conducts placebo and PSM-DID tests on the results year by year.Secondly,it further explores the heterogeneity of high-speed rail regional innovation on urban clusters.Furthermore,this paper selects the level of educational resources and government support as threshold variables,and uses the threshold model to explore the threshold effect of high-speed rail on regional innovation.The results show that:(1)the opening and operation of high-speed rail has significantly promoted the regional innovation capability of cities along the line;(2)The opening of high-speed railways significantly affects the polarization of regional innovation pattern: high-speed railways inhibit the growth of regional innovation in nonurban agglomeration cities and promote the growth of regional innovation in urban agglomeration cities.This indicates that the high-speed rail has threshold effect on regional innovation environment,and it promotes regional innovation to cluster into urban clusters and polarizes the regional innovation pattern.(3)The impact of high-speed rail on regional innovation has a double threshold effect on the level of educational resources and government support,in which the level of educational resources and the influence coefficient is in the shape of "plow-high-low",and those between the level of government support and the influence coefficient is in the shape of "high-low-high".When the level of educational resources in the innovation area is between 0.23% and0.46%,and the government support is less than 1.387,the high-speed rail has a more significant positive impact on regional innovation.In order to further give full play to the linkage effect of high-speed rail and regional innovation and promote the healthy development of economy and society,this paper puts forward the following suggestions based on the research conclusions:(1)Adjust and improve the level distribution of educational resources to help more cities break through the first threshold;(2)Maintain appropriate government support and introduce diversified financing channels for common development;(3)Pay attention to the construction of urban comprehensive transportation hubs and promote the integrated development of high-speed rail and urban rail transit. |
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