Research On Indoor Environment Construction Methods In Cold Areas Based On The Health Needs Of The Elderly

In recent years,the aging population has increased,and more and more indoor physical environment problems have emerged,making it difficult to meet the health needs of the elderly in the living room.Architecture and other disciplines have carried out a lot of research on the construction of a livable environment for the elderly,mainly from the elements of set design,ergonomics and other elements to carry out suitable aging research to meet the needs of mobile health.Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory advocates the active and diverse self-realization of the elderly.Existing research lacks an integrated environment-building method that comprehensively considers the elderly’s environmental psychology,their own needs,and the health effects of indoor environmental exposure.This research takes buildings in some provinces in the cold regions of my country as the research object,and through reasonable technical routes,an environmental construction method and a personalized environmental regulation method based on the subjective and objective health needs of the elderly have been formed,and the goal of creating a suitable living environment for the elderly has been achieved..The research contents and results are as follows:First of all,in order to explore the environmental construction method based on subjective health needs,the basic demographic data,psychological and physiological behavioral health status,the status and evaluation of living physical environment,etc.are used as the subjective basis for analyzing the construction elements.A questionnaire survey was conducted for the elderly at home and in elderly care institutions,and an analysis method based on the correlation between indoor environment and occupants’ subjective health was obtained,and a demand characteristic model for indoor physical environment creation was explored and established.The survey of indoor physical environment factors shows that the subjective evaluation of room brightness and darkness is good,and the glare perception mainly comes from direct sunlight;the performance of noise and heat and humidity factors is poor;the thermal performance of the envelope structure of rural residential buildings is generally poorer than that of cities,and the environmental Thermal comfort is not as good as in cities etc.The factors affecting the mental health of the elderly are: age,marital status,income,self-care ability,living style,indoor sunshine duration,light satisfaction,noise satisfaction,wind sensation,odor;mental health influencing factors are: going out,daily recreational activities The influencing factors of cardiovascular health are: exercise habits,hereditary hypertension,residential insulation,indoor humidity;the influencing factors of sleep quality are: self-care ability,going out.At the same time,by constructing a multivariate logistic regression model,the method of the elderly’s demand for environmental improvement with different health characteristics,personal information and residential characteristics is obtained.Secondly,in order to explore the environmental construction method based on objective health needs,the indoor environmental parameters and the physiological health parameters of the elderly are used as the objective basis for analyzing the construction elements,and the heart rate and blood pressure parameters and physical environment multi-parameters of the elderly at home and elderly care institutions in cold areas are measured.An objective construction method based on the measured results of the environment and different time-series environment-health correlation mathematical models is obtained.Based on the actual measurement,the factors for creating a home environment can be obtained as follows: the temperature and humidity fluctuations in the bedrooms in each functional room;the CO2 concentration of the spouse’s residence throughout the day and the nighttime of the intergenerational residence;and the PM2.5 concentration during the cooking period in rural areas.The elements of institutional environment construction are: indoor humidity in spring;CO2 concentration in multi-person rooms at night and during public space activities;noise in the ground floor rooms facing the street at night;TVOC and formaldehyde concentrations in winter.In order to explore the basis for the establishment of the objective health relationship between the indoor environment and the elderly,through the correlation analysis of dynamic heart rate,morning and bedtime blood pressure values in spring and winter and environmental parameters,the environmental exposure health risks at different time series scales were obtained.Create method basis.Finally,in order to ensure the effective implementation of the construction approach,a smart service platform integrating remote monitoring and cloud computing is developed based on the hierarchy of needs theory,environmental health effect theory and human-computer interaction theory.Based on the conclusion of the indoor environment and recreational activities on subjective health promotion among the significant influencing factors of health,the platform provides service functions such as user group communication and interaction,environmental improvement feedback and so on.Based on the environmental demand model,the interactive interface design of the livable environment recommendation function is completed.On the basis of the universal research on environmental exposure and health risks,a real-time personalized fitting algorithm for livable environment parameters is formed through R language programming,and the cloud platform can be deployed to form personalized environmental regulation technology and decision-making basis.The above conclusions and the functions of the smart platform establish an indoor environment creation method in cold areas based on the health needs of the elderly.