| "Mencius(孟子)"has a cloud"do not follow the rules,do not form a square and a circle(不以规矩,不成方圆)","Building the French Style(营造法式)"also contains:"The height of the house,the short and long of the famous things,the tendency of bending and straight,and the appropriateness of the rules,ropes and inks are all based on the materials used.think of the system.”Dougong is just like the rules and regulations of the building,which makes the beauty of the building’s circumference.As an important part of traditional Chinese architecture,Dougong determines the shape,grade,scale and scale of the building to a certain extent,and contains profound construction techniques and craftsmanship thinking.However,with the sharp decline of local traditional buildings,a large number of local traditional woodworking techniques are facing the situation of disappearance and loss,and the same is true in Lanzhou.In this context,based on field research,combined with the design manuscripts of Mr.Duan Shutang,a great carpenter in Lanzhou from the end of the Republic of China to the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the research on the construction techniques of Dougong in Lanzhou is carried out.The Doucon in Lanzhou area is called"Tianzi and Cai(栱子和彩)".This article takes"Zao(造)"(this)as the research body,and conducts research in three aspects:First,interpret the structure of Tianzi(栱子)and Cai(彩)from the structural types and tectonic practices.Second,analyze its construction logic from the scale balance;third,based on the interview records and manuscript data of the great carpenter,the map is translated to form a map of local construction skills.Based on the above research perspectives,combined with the physical remains of the building and the results of field research to form a cross-reference and mutual proof under multiple evidences,the shape characteristics,basic structure,configuration rules,trade-off scale and construction logic of Dougong in Lanzhou area are comprehensively recorded.Sort out,and summarize the construction skills of regional buildings and the craftsmanship thinking behind them.As a basic research,the main content of this paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is an introduction,which explains the importance and necessity of the protection and inheritance of traditional woodworking techniques in Lanzhou,as well as the criticality of Dougong in it,and then clarifies the significance of the research.,delineate the research scope,and establish the research method by sorting out the research status;the second chapter,sorting out the development process of construction activities,and expounding the traditional largescale wooden construction techniques in Lanzhou through the typical characteristics of wooden buildings,the genealogy of craftsmanship and construction procedures,etc.The third chapter,based on the clarification of the shape characteristics,component units and configuration rules of the dougong,analyzes the basic structural law of the dougong from the construction logic;the fourth chapter sorts out the weighing scale of the dougong components,and probes into its Constructing logic,summarizing the construction techniques of Dougong in Lanzhou area,thereby establishing a regional construction system,and laying a foundation for deepening the research on the history of local construction technology. |
