Passive Design Method And Strategy Based On Analysis Of Building Annual Gain And Loss Heat

It is distributed at about 40 ° north latitude.It is a dry and hot dry and cold area represented by the climatic conditions in the desert area of Xinjiang and the Turpan Basin.The summer is dry and hot,the winter is cold,the rainfall is scarce,and the temperature difference between day and night is large.Solar buildings must pay attention to the heat in winter and the heat protection in summer.This is the difficulty in the design of passive solar buildings in the region.The region is rich in solar energy resources.If we can solve the irreconcilable contradiction between hot summer and cold winter from the perspective of working conditions throughout the year,we can make the most of solar energy.Therefore,this article takes the project of living and enriching people in Turpan as an example,starting from reconciling the contradiction of heating and cooling needs throughout the year,using the analysis method of the building’s annual gain and loss of heat,combined with the building’s annual thermal environment and energy-saving performance evaluation indicators,to explore the suitability of passive design The strategic form aims to consider the energy-saving efficiency of the building from the perspective of the annual working conditions,improve the indoor thermal environment of the building,and provide guidance for the design of local passive solar residential buildings.This article mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)A method for analyzing the heat gain and loss of the building throughout the year is proposed.The analysis method of building heat gain and loss throughout the year is the theoretical basis of the heat balance of the room.Through analyzing the heat gain and loss of the building through three heat transfer methods,it is possible to obtain which aspects of the building are gaining heat and which are losing heat in different seasons Propose a passive strategy.The advantage of this method is that it considers different time dimensions and spatial dimensions.The time dimension can be considered from the overall perspective of the year,and it can focus on the analysis of the single season;in the spatial dimension,from different building orientations,different building components and different From the perspective of the heat transfer path,analyze the gains and losses of each heat flow.(2)Put forward the evaluation index system for the thermal environment and energy consumption performance of the building throughout the year.The existing evaluation indicators are applicable to the case where the building system is relatively simple.When the building uses multiple technical strategies,especially passive systems that take into account heating and cooling,it is difficult to reuse the traditional energy consumption indicators to balance the contradictions between the technologies.To measure the energy saving effect of the building under the working conditions throughout the year.Therefore,through a set of indicators such as indoor air temperature,uncomfortable hours,annual equipment energy consumption and building energy saving rate,combined with basic thermal environment indicators to form an index system of comprehensive energy saving performance of the building,the energy saving performance of the building can be explored from the perspective of the annual working conditions.(3)Research on passive design strategy based on the annual gain and loss heat analysis method.Taking the typical house type of the project of living and enriching people in Turpan as an example,the design builder was used to draw conclusions through simulation analysis: the temperature amplitude of the south-facing room in the first floor of the building in winter is large.The outer wall is the main heat loss in winter,and the most serious heat loss is the west wall,followed by the east wall.The main way,and the sum of the solar radiation heat of the outer window of the living room south window,the first floor winter bedroom south window and the living room east window accounts for 69.9% of the total solar radiation heat of the building ’s outer window.1.64 KWh,accounting for 14.2% of the total heat dissipation.Therefore,passive design strategies suitable for the building are proposed: additional sun room,movable thermal curtain,wall insulation,external window shading and night ventilation.(4)Analysis and optimization of energy-saving effect of passive design strategy.Using the uncomfortable hours and energy saving rate indicators to analyze the energy saving effect of the building using a single passive strategy,the energy saving rate of the original building can reach 27.3%.This is because the original building has used the semi-basement,winter and summer room layout,and increased south-facing windows A series of passive strategies;after using a single strategy,the building’s accumulated uncomfortable hours throughout the year are sorted from small to large:night ventilation <additional sun room <exterior wall insulation <active insulation curtains <outdoor window shading,building energy efficiency rate from small to large The order is: original building <outdoor window shade building <active insulation curtain building <outside wall insulation building <additional sunlight room building<night ventilation building,night ventilation and additional sunlight room strategy can be increased by 10.0% and 6.2 respectively on the basis of the original building %Energy saving rate.The combination of different passive strategies can reduce the cumulative discomfort hours of the building and improve the energy-saving effect of the building more than a single strategy.From the perspective of the annual operating conditions,the energy saving rate of the combined strategy of natural ventilation and sunlight is 43.3%,but the gain and loss analysis shows that although the energy consumption after the use of the sunlight room is reduced in winter,the summer is overheated by the radiation of the sunlight room.The cooling energy consumption in summer is increased,so the summer sunshade can be designed to use the grapevine frame to slow down the solar radiation heat in the sun.It is mainly the additional sunlight room and the ventilation at night,and considering the sunshade in the sunlight room in summer is a suitable passive strategy combination form of the building.