A Study Of The Impact Of OFDI Reverse Technology Spillover On Carbon Emission In Chinese Service Industry

With the the main body of Outward Foreign Direct Investment(OFDI)shifting from manufacturing industry to service industry,the scale of OFDI in Chinese service industry continues to expand.More and more service enterprises are trying to obtain advanced technology spillovers through OFDI to narrow the technology gap with developed countries.However,compared with traditional energy intensive industries such as manufacturing,the environmental issues which were brought by the rapid growth of economic in the service industry,such as carbon emissions,continue to be ignored.Therefore,under the background of double carbon emission goals,a study of the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillovers in Chinese service industry on carbon emissions is of great significance for clarifying the relationship between China’s high-level opening-up of the service industry and environmental protection.Firstly,this paper systematically reviews the literature on the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover and carbon emissions in the service industry.Secondly,combined with the research content,the essay calculates the reverse technology spillover by referring to the L-P model.Also,the carbon emission estimation method of IPCC was used to calculate the CO2 emission of the service industry in order to analyze the current situation of OFDI reverse technology spillovers and carbon emission of the service industry in China.Thirdly,a model is built on the basis of relevant researches.The fixed effect model is used to carry out regression analysis on the panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities(except Xizang Province)in Chinese mainland from year 2005 to year 2020.Finally,considering the regional and sectoral differences,this paper divide the samples into groups and empirically analyzes the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillover on carbon emissions in the service industry.The empirical analysis results show that:(1)The scale of OFDI reverse technology spillover in China’s service industry continues to expand and shows a strong growth trend.However,it has a significant positive driving effect on CO2 emissions in the service industry,and does not achieve the expected emission reduction effect.(2)The control variables selected in this paper all show significant influences in the model.Among them,the energy structure has a negative impact on the carbon emissions of the service industry.(3)At the regional level,the impact of OFDI reverse technology spillovers on carbon emissions in the service industry has a certain regional heterogeneity.And the driving effect is larger and more significant in the eastern and northeastern regions than others.(4)Considering the consumption differences in the energy sector of the subdivided industries in the service industry,this paper compares the industries with different carbon energy consumption level.It shows that the carbon emission scale of the service industries with more intensive energy consumption,such as transportation industry,is more likely to be driven by OFDI reverse technology spillovers.(5)As representative variables of absorptive capacity,human capital level,economic development level and R&D intensity significantly inhibit the increasing carbon emissions affected by reverse technology spillover.Based on the above study,this paper puts forward some corresponding suggestions:(1)To change the stereotype about the low-carbon development of the service economy and fully exploit the energy-saving and emission reduction potential of the service industry.(2)To improve the government’s emphasis on factors which will influence the low carbon development in service industry and promote high-quality economic development through OFDI.(3)To adopt differential investment strategies in line with inter-regional development characteristics and improve the overall level of OFDI in China’s service industry according to local conditions.(4)To promote the external development of knowledge and technology-intensive service industries and improve the energy consumption structure of high-consumption service industries.(5)To improve the absorption capacity of service industry to absorb foreign advanced technology of green innovation ability and raise the level of independent innovation.