| Objective(s):To investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to 1800MHz and 2400MHz superimposed radiofrequency fields on MFGE8 in the hippocampus of 3-week-old offspring rats,and to provide laboratory evidence for the health effects of electromagnetic waves.Methods:Twenty-four healthy 6-week-old SPF healthy Wistar rats,16 females and 8 males,were used to adapt to the environment for 2 weeks.The male and female were mated at a ratio of 2:1 at 6 PM every night.a Vaginal smear examination was performed at 8 am the next day,and pregnancy was defined as"0"day.Then the pregnant rats were random Ly divided into 1800MHz+2400MHz superimposed exposure group and virtual exposure group,with 8 rats in each group.The exposure time was from day 0 to day 20 of pregnancy,and the exposure time was from 20:00 to8:00 the next morning.Females were weighed weekly during pregnancy.The superimposed exposure group was exposed to 1800MH+2400MHz superimposed RF field(power density 1.0 m W/cm~2),and the virtual exposure group was exposed to the same environmental background(temperature,humidity,background noise,ventilation,illumination,etc.)except for the different exposure conditions.During the exposure period,the animals were given free water and food,and sunflower seeds and milk were given regularly to strengthen nutrition.At the end of the exposure,the birth condition of pregnant rats was observed,and the birth condition of female rats in each litter,the number of offspring rats,the number of deaths,and the number of malformations were recorded.The growth and development of offspring rats were observed daily,including weekly changes in body weight,time of eye opening,tooth eruption,vaginal opening,and testicular descent.When the offspring rats were 3weeks old,they were random Ly divided into Sham group,Vehicle group,Negative Control group,MFGE8 si RNA group,ITGB3 si RNA group,and MFGE8si RNA+rh MFGE8 group.The offspring rats were sacrificed after 48 hours of drug administration.The protein expressions of MFGE8,ITGB3,IBA1,CD86,IL-6,CD206 and IL-10 in hippocampus were detected.Results:Under the condition of 1800MHz+2400MHz superimposed RF electromagnetic field exposure,the following results were obtained:1.Body weight and production of female ratsThere was no significant difference in body weight before pregnancy between the superimposed exposure group and the virtual exposure group(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in body weight after delivery(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in weight gain during pregnancy between the two groups(P>0.05).In the superimposed exposure group,8 females were produced and 95 offspring were produced,including 39 females and 48 males.In the virtual exposure group,8females gave birth and 87 offspring were given birth,including 38 females and 41males.There was no vaginal bleeding or death during pregnancy.2.Birth,growth and development of offspring ratsThere were no significant differences in body weight,tail length,and body length at birth between the superimposition exposure group and the virtual exposure group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the physiological development indicators between the two groups,including the time of opening ears,opening eyes,tooth eruption,vaginal opening,and testicular descent(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the indexes of body weight and weight gain per week,tail length and tail length gain,body length and body length gain of offspring rats(P>0.05).3.Effects of combined exposure on MFGE8 expression in hippocampus of3-week-old offspring ratsCompared with the virtual exposure group,the additive exposure group had no significant difference in the protein expression of MFGE8 and ITGB3 in female offspring at 3 weeks of age(P>0.05),and the protein expression of MFGE8 in male offspring decreased(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in the protein expression of ITGB3 in male offspring(P>0.05).4.Expression of MFGE8,ITGB3 and IBA1 protein in hippocampus of3-week-old offspring ratsCompared with the Sham group,there was no significant difference in the protein expression of MFGE8,ITGB3 and IBA1 in the female offspring of the3-week-old superimposed exposure group among each group(P>0.05).Compared with the Vehicle group and MFGE8 si RNA group,the expression of IBA1 protein in the offspring male mice in the additive exposure group was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the MFGE8 si RNA group,the MFGE8 si RNA+rh MFGE8 group had a significant increase in the expression of IBA1 protein(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in MFGE8 and ITGB3 protein expression among groups(P>0.05).Compared with MFGE8 si RNA+rh MFGE8 group,the expression of IBA1protein in male mice in the virtual exposure group was increased(P<0.05).The ITGB3 si RNA group had a significant reduction in the protein expression of ITGB3compared with the sham group and the vehicle group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in MFGE8 protein expression among the groups(P>0.05).5.Expression of CD86,IL-6,CD206 and IL-10 in male offspring at 3 weeks of ageThere was no significant difference in CD86 and IL-10 protein expression among NC,MFGE8si RNA and MFGE8si RNA+rh MFGE8 groups in the additive exposure group(P>0.05).Compared with the MFGE8 si RNA group,the MFGE8si RNA+rh MFGE8 group had a significant increase in the expression of IL-6 protein(P<0.05),and the expression of CD206 protein was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with NC group,MFGE8 si RNA group and MFGE8si RNA+rh MFGE8 group,MFGE8 si RNA group had significantly increased expression of CD86 protein(P<0.001),increased expression of IL-6 protein,and decreased expression of CD206 protein.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The expression of IL10 protein was increased(P<0.01).The expression of CD86 protein in MFGE8 si RNA+rh MFGE8 group was significantly lower than that in MFGE8 si RNA group(P<0.01).Compared with the MFGE8 si RNA group,the MFGE8 si RNA+rh MFGE8 group had a significant reduction in the expression of IL-6protein(P<0.05)and IL-10 protein(P<0.01).The expression of CD206 protein was increased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion(s):Under the condition of 1800MHz+2400MHz superimposed RF electromagnetic field exposure,the following conclusions are drawn:1.There was no significant effect of the combined exposure on the body weight of pregnant rats.2.The combined exposure had no significant effect on the general physiological indexes of offspring rats at birth and the growth and development of offspring rats at 3weeks after birth.3.The combined exposure decreased the expression of MFGE8 in male offspring at 3weeks of age,but did not affect the expression of ITGB3.The expression of MFGE8and ITGB3 in female offspring had no significant effect.4.Exogenous administration of rh MFGE8 can increase the expression of IBA1,suggesting that MFGE8 is related to the activation of microglia.5.Exogenous administration of rh MFGE8 can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors and promote the transformation of microglia into M2 type. |
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