Simulation Analysis Of Fire And Evacuation Luxury Cruise Ships

With the continuous development of the social economy,the cruise tourism industry has developed rapidly.However,the engine room of the ship belongs to the high-risk area of fire,resulting in frequent fire accidents and seriously threatening the life and property safety of the crew.Different from static buildings,ships usually have complex structural layouts and fire loads,poor fire resistance caused by steel structure frames,and almost no external fire force rescue,which also makes onshore buildings fire prevention and smoke exhaust measures cannot be directly applied to ship design.In the past,the research on ship fires has mostly focused on engine rooms and passenger cabins,and little attention has been paid to the characteristics and consequences of cruise ship fires.According to the characteristics of cruise ships,this paper uses fire numerical simulation technology to carry out research on the development law of cruise ships,and carries out corresponding numerical simulation analysis and research on the effectiveness of sprinkler systems and new smoke prevention measures(air curtains)in the fire and smoke prevention effects of ships.In addition,in the study of cruise fire safety evacuation,many scholars usually regard the evacuated population as a combination of many independent individuals,focusing on related factors such as age structure,sex ratio and lighting conditions that affect the speed of individual evacuation,ignoring the influence of social relations on group evacuation efficiency.In addition,considering the complexity of large-scale evacuation of cruise ships,this paper uses the evacuation room as a temporary evacuation place for personnel,and conducts research on emergency evacuation strategies accordingly.While studying the emergency evacuation law of passengers under the background of cruise fire,the exploration of effective optimization strategies for evacuation bottlenecks has also become the focus of this research.In summary,in view of the characteristics of cruise ship fires and the safety of personnel evacuation,this paper carries out the following research work:(1)analyze the distribution of hazard sources,fire characteristics and risk characteristics of luxury cruise ships on the water;(2)Through parameter analysis and scene design,FDS simulation is used to analyze the fire development characteristics and smoke spread law of Yangtze River luxury cruise ships,and verify the effectiveness of conventional fire protection measures(sprinkler)and new fire protection measures(smoke curtain);(3)Combined with the development trend of fire,Pathfinder software is used to simulate and analyze the evacuation situation and safety strategy under fire,and the evacuation path is optimized based on the ant colony algorithm.The research can further strengthen the fire prevention and control of cruise ships during design,construction and navigation,and assist in the safe evacuation of passengers in critical situations.Through the comparative analysis of numerical simulation test data,it is found that the application of sprinkler system in ship fire protection design can slow down the spread rate of flue gas,reduce CO concentration and fire temperature.For other functional zones where the sprinkler system does not function,smoke curtains can be used as supplementary fire protection measures and have good thermal insulation and smoke blocking efficiency.Increasing the refuge layer can shorten the emergency evacuation time of the entire scene,and ensure the evacuation safety of people with reduced mobility through speed diversion.The evacuation path optimization based on ant colony algorithm can improve the evacuation efficiency of cruise ship emergencies.