Landscape Ecological Health Assessment And Management Strategies Based On Landscape Character Identification

In recent years,the contradiction between conservation and development caused by the incongruous relationship between humans and nature has become increasingly prominent.Human activities have changed regional natural conditions and affected biological processes,leading to a trend of fragmentation and homogenization of the landscape,which has led to a series of landscape and environmental problems.How to coordinate the relationship between human and landscape,scientific management of landscape change to achieve sustainable development has become an urgent problem to be solved.Landscape character is the most convenient and effective object to characterize landscape change,and is an important tool to manage landscape change.Landscape ecological health assessment can diagnose ecological problems and is an important tool for landscape planning.In this paper,we try to identify landscape character and assess the landscape ecological health in the Qinba Mountain area in northwest Hubei Province,to realize the spatial positioning of ecological problems at the landscape level,to clarify the landscape health stress factors,and then to construct a zoning protection framework for scientific and effective landscape management at the regional scale.In the Qinba mountainous region of northwest Hubei Province,four landscape character elements of elevation,undulation,land cover and vegetation type applicable to the mountainous region were screened out and second-order cluster analysis was conducted using SPSS software to identify landscape character types.Then the transformation of fragmented landscape character types to continuous landscape character areas was realized by automatic machine elimination combined with manual decoding method based on Gestalt archiving principle,and the identification and simplified naming process of key features were carried out for each character area.Finally,a total of 30 landscape character types and 26 landscape character areas in the study area were identified.Based on the results of landscape character identifications,the core focuses on the issue of landscape health,takes landscape character areas as the evaluation unit,introduces the pressure-state-response(PSR)model,and selects 12 indicators to build a landscape ecological health assessment system in the Qinba Mountain area of northwest Hubei Province.The hierarchical analysis method is combined with the entropy value method to calculate the weight of indicator combinations and calculate the comprehensive index of landscape ecological health for each landscape character area.According to the evaluation results,each unit is divided into five landscape ecological health levels: unhealthy,subhealthy,healthier,healthy and very healthy.The single-factor evaluation results of pressure,state and response layers are analyzed to explore the stressors affecting landscape health and summarize the risks faced by each landscape character area.According to the different landscape characteristics and development direction of the region,the priority restoration area,priority restoration area,preventive restoration area,general protection area and key protection area are delineated in turn.Taking the problem as the guide,referring to the superior documents and combining with the current situation of regional natural resources and industries,according to the idea of "strategic guidance-problem diagnosis-key optimization",the graded and classified management mode of "one zone,one policy" was adopted,and the principles of remediation for each partition were proposed.Finally,three typical landscape character areas were selected for on-site research,spatial identification of ecological problems,and targeted landscape management strategies were proposed.