Evaluation Of Ecosystem Service Function Value In Fujian Province From The Comprehensive Perspective Of "Ecology-Economy"

Ecosystem status is the material basis for regional sustainable development,and the value of ecosystem service functions can reflect the status quo of the internal ecological and economic functions of regional ecosystems in terms of ecological carrying capacity and ecosystem service values.The multi-scale and long-term regional ecosystem service analysis can grasp the temporal and spatial change characteristics of regional ecosystems,release development space,and discover weak points,providing guidance for regional territorial space optimization,ecosystem protection and utilization.However,the existing research pays less attention to the coordinated development of ecosystem service function value and ecological economy in southern mountainous and hilly areas,while the ecosystems in this area are important,fragile,typical,and demonstrative,and the economic development differences are obvious.Therefore,based on the dual perspective of "ecologyeconomics",we try to analyze the ecological carrying capacity and ecosystem service value of Fujian Province from 2005 to 2020 from the scale of province-city-county,and obtain their temporal and spatial variation characteristics.And explore the coupling and coordinated development relationship between the ecosystem and the economic system.Finally,according to the relevant research results,we will put forward specific suggestions on the optimization of land space,the improvement of ecosystem service functions,and the coordinated development of ecological economy at various scales and regions in Fujian Province.Research indicates:(1)There is a phenomenon of spatial agglomeration between the value of ecosystem services and the coordinated development of regional ecological economy in Fujian Province.The results of ecological carrying capacity and its individual indicators,unit ecosystem service value,comprehensive ecosystem service function value,and regional "ecological-economic" coupling coordination degree in Fujian Province generally show the same or similar level of regional spatial concentration and contiguous distribution characteristics.The southwest inland area is the concentration of high-level ecosystem service areas and ecological and economic coordinated development areas,and the southeast coastal area is the agglomeration of low-level ecosystem service areas and ecological and economic imbalanced development areas.(2)Factors such as topography,meteorological disasters,human activities,economic development level and policy implementation affect the spatial distribution of ecosystem service functions in Fujian Province.In 2010(2015),the ecosystem service function of Fujian Province was the worst(best).The main reason is that the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters in Fujian from 2005 to 2010 caused heavy damage to the ecosystem of Fujian Province.In addition,urbanization and economic fluctuations also have a negative impact on ecosystem service capacity.From 2005 to 2010,the urban population change rate in Fujian Province was as high as 7.7%,which was higher than the change rate in other years.The financial crisis in 2008 further reduced people’s ability and willingness to pay for ESV during this period.This leads to the low value of ecosystem services at this stage.In 2015,it was a key node for the establishment and application of the first " national pilot zone for ecological conservation " in Fujian Province,and the natural and economic conditions at this stage were better,making the ecosystem service function the best.(3)The ecological carrying capacity of Fujian Province is medium.Its vegetation coverage is very good,its ecosystem production capacity is relatively poor,its water conservation capacity is polarized,its biodiversity maintenance capacity is not strong,and its soil and water conservation capacity need to be improved.The southwestern and central mountainous areas are often high-grade areas,such as Longyan City,Wuping County and Yongding District.The southeastern coastal areas and the basins and valleys of the northwestern mountainous areas are often low-value areas,such as Xiamen City,Jinjiang City and Shishi City.This is mainly related to Fujian’s topography,soil properties,precipitation characteristics,human activities and urbanization.The individual indicators and comprehensive capacity of ecological carrying capacity in Fujian Province are not strong.However,in the past 15 years,the comprehensive carrying capacity of Fujian Province has shown a trend of improvement.This is mainly due to the enhancement of ecological protection awareness of local governments and the public,and relevant policies have a significant impact.(4)The output value of the total ecosystem product in Fujian Province is extremely high,but the overall trend is fluctuating and declining,and the ecosystem structure is relatively fragile.Forest,grassland and water ecosystems play an important role in the accounting of the total ecosystem product in Fujian Province.Nanping City,Sanming City,and Longyan City occupy the top three in the province in terms of output value due to the high proportion of these three types of ecosystems and the large urban area.In the past 15 years,the ESV output value of the desert-exclusive ecosystem in Fujian Province has increased year by year,while the ESV output value of other ecosystems has declined.The unit ESV can better reflect the actual situation of regional ESV and the gap of resource status.Because of its reasonable configuration of ecosystem structure,Fuzhou has become the city with the best actual development potential of ESV in the region.This study integrates ecological and economic perspectives,and comprehensively studies regional ecological carrying capacity and ecosystem gross product from multiple temporal and spatial scales.This method can better reflect the actual situation of ecosystem services.And the research method is scientific and reasonable,the operation process is relatively simple,and the data acquisition is relatively easy,which is conducive to the promotion and popularization of the research method.Comprehensively discussing the coupling and coordinated development of the regional "ecological-economic" system can provide reference materials for optimizing land space in the region and coordinating the green and sustainable development of the whole region.