Study On Flotation Separation Mechanism Of Rutile And Garnet

The Ti O₂content in rutile is as high as 90%～99%,which is one of the most important among more than 70 kinds of titanium deposits found so far.The primary rutile deposits in China are characterized by complex mineral composition,little difference between useful minerals and gangue minerals,and fine dissemination size.Garnet is a more common gangue mineral associated with rutile minerals,and rutile and garnet these two kinds of mineral properties difference is small,low selectivity of agents,at the same time fine grinding process often cause mineral granularity is too fine mud phenomenon,these problems will seriously reduce the efficiency of sorting.Therefore,to obtain high grade and high recovery rutile concentrate,it is necessary to use flotation process,and flotation reagent is the key of research.In this paper,salicylhydroxamic acid and cupferron were selected as mineral flotation collectors to test the effects of pulp p H value and collector dosage on mineral floatability,respectively.The results of single mineral flotation showed that,under weak acid conditions（p H=6.5-6.8）and collector dosage of 400mg/L,the collection capacity of cupferron was slightly higher than that of salicylhydroxamic acid.In order to verify this test result,the Zeta potential test,wettability test,infrared spectral image analysis of mineral surface,XPS test before and after the interaction between mineral and reagent were respectively carried out,and the conclusion was drawn:Salicylhydroxamic acid and cupferron were chemically adsorbed on the surface of rutile,and both of them interacted with rutile surface active particles in the form of oxygen-containing functional groups.In this process,the shift of Zeta potential on the surface of rutile and garnet was accompanied by changes in contact Angle and atomic content.And the result of mechanism test is consistent with that of single mineral flotation test.Therefore,the best flotation collector of cupferron was selected,and finally the group electrongrativity of cupferron was calculated,and from the point of view of the molecular structure of cupferron,the geometry of complex products and the stability of complex products,it was inferred that cupferron and rutile surface active particle in the form of O-O complexation and formation of benzene containing five-element ring complex.After selecting the best collector of cupferron,the activator lead nitrate and inhibitor sodium fluosilicate were added to make the flotation separation effect more significant,and then the activation and inhibition process of lead nitrate and sodium fluosilicate were explained by solution chemistry,surface Zeta potential,infrared spectrum detection and XPS.The results show that the flotation recovery of rutile can reach 90.7%with the introduction of lead ion,and the recovery of garnet can be reduced to 5.2%with the selective inhibition effect of sodium fluosilicate.The Zeta potential on the surface of rutile increases first and then decreases after the introduction of lead ion,while the addition of sodium fluosilicate has little effect on the Zeta potential on the surface of rutile,but makes the Zeta potential on the surface of garnet shift significantly to negative value.The wettability of mineral surface also shows that the introduction of lead ions will significantly increase the surface contact Angle of rutile,and the addition of sodium fluorosilicate will decrease the surface contact Angle of garnet.The peak value of rutile in IR spectra is obviously vibrating and stretching,and the atomic content of garnet and the partial peak fitting results of Fe element show that the substance produced by sodium fluosilicate hydrolysis is bonded with the iron element on the surface of garnet.The experimental results show that the flotation separation of rutile and garnet can be realized under this reagent system.