Research On Closed-Loop Supply Chain Decision-Making Considering Ecological Design In The Era Of Big Date

With the rapid development of the economy,the speed of updating and iterating electrical and electronic products has become increasingly fast,which not only leads to a large amount of resource consumption,but also generates a large number of abandoned products,leading to increasingly serious environmental pollution problems.In 2020,China’s carbon emissions reached 9.899 billion tons.Although the intensity of carbon emissions decreased by 18.8%compared to 2015,exceeding the 40% to 45% promised to the international community,China’s total carbon emissions are still very high.China has always been actively taking measures to address environmental issues such as global climate change,vigorously developing green economy,low-carbon economy,and circular economy.In September 2020,China proposed the "dual carbon" goal.China is a major manufacturing country in the world and has a strong dependence on energy.Therefore,the key to achieving the "dual carbon" goal is particularly to develop green manufacturing.The remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain can simultaneously achieve the two goals of reducing the discharge of waste products and promoting the utilization of waste product resources.It can achieve multiple wins in economic,environmental,and social benefits at the same time.In recent years,it has received widespread attention from various industries and related academic circles.With the advancement of technology,more and more production and life information is presented in the form of data.For various closed-loop supply chains,how to effectively screen and utilize massive amounts of information to efficiently achieve green and sustainable development of the closed-loop supply chain has always been a problem worth in-depth exploration.This article constructs a closed-loop supply chain dynamic system composed of a single leading manufacturer,a single following retailer,a single following third-party recycler,and a single following big data service provider.This system has problems such as random disturbance factors and different service methods of big data service providers.This article establishes a Stackelberg stochastic differential game model in the closed-loop supply chain by utilizing a dynamic model of recovery rate evolution and a behavioral model of each member in the closed-loop supply chain.It first solves the optimal wholesale price and ecological design level strategy of the manufacturer,the optimal product sales price strategy of the retailer,and the optimal product sales price strategy of the retailer when the retailer and recycler jointly bear the big data service fee The best recycling effort level strategy for third-party recyclers and the best service level strategy for big data service providers were analyzed.Based on this,the variation pattern of waste recycling rate in the closed-loop supply chain and the optimal profit function of each member in the closed-loop supply chain were analyzed.Finally,through analysis,it is concluded that in a closed-loop supply chain,the expectation and variation of the recovery rate in the dynamic system of the closed-loop supply chain will tend to a constant state.Based on the equilibrium strategy and the evolution process of recycling rate,this article further explores the different assistance methods of big data service providers,the payment level of retailers to big data service providers,and the different impacts of government subsidies for product ecological design and recycling on the dynamic system of the closed-loop supply chain.The following conclusion is drawn: when the environment of the closed-loop supply chain is different,The best way for big data service providers to assist is different.In the market where the closed-loop supply chain is located,there is a stronger response to the marketing behavior of big data service providers,or when the recycling industry is subject to more external restrictions,big data service providers can increase their assistance to retailers in marketing to better improve product wholesale prices,product retail prices,product ecological design levels,system random recycling rates,etc,Achieving a win-win situation between economic and environmental benefits;As retailers continue to improve their payment levels to big data service providers,their profit levels may not always improve;The proportion of service fees borne by recyclers for big data service providers will affect the decisions and profits of each member,and will affect the stability of the closed-loop supply chain system.Therefore,retailers and recyclers should reasonably agree on the proportion of big data service fees to be shared;Both government product ecological design subsidies and product recycling subsidies can improve manufacturers’ product ecological design levels and recyclers’ recycling efforts.However,the difference is that government subsidies for manufacturers’ product ecological design have a more significant impact on product retail prices,wholesale prices,and profits of related members compared to recyclers’ recycling subsidies,The government should balance economic and environmental benefits based on the main goals during the planning period,and set reasonable subsidy levels.