| Grape(Vitis vinifera L.)is a kind of berry fruit,which belongs to woody perennial vines,It is widely loved by people because of its sweet taste and rich nutrition.Hutai-8 grape is an excellent fresh grape variety,and it is also a good raw material for the production of grape juice,wine and canned fruit.It has the advantages of good quality,high yield,storage resistance and environmental stress resistance.It is widely planted in arid and semi-arid areas in Northwest China.Anthocyanins are water-soluble flavonoids that are abundant in nature and widely distributed in various plants.Anthocyanins have a series of unique biological activities,such as antioxidant,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory,inhibition of tumor growth,regulation of intestinal flora and improvement of body immunity.Anthocyanins in grapes are mainly found in the skin,and a large amount of grape pomace waste will be produced during the processing of grape industry.Therefore,anthocyanins are extracted from the by-product grape pomace,the systematic study of its structure and active function,and the development of functional foods,which can extend the grape processing industry chain and improve the comprehensive utilization value of its processing by-products.In this paper,Hutai-8 grape berry skin was used as the experimental raw material.The anthocyanins from grape berry skin were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted cellulase.Macroporous adsorption resin was used to enrich and purify anthocyanins from grape berry skin.The anthocyanin components were analyzed and identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS).The antioxidant activity of purified anthocyanin extract was evaluated in vitro.Research and development of anthocyanin effervescent tablets to promote the effective transformation and utilization of waste resources in grape industry.The main results are as follows:(1)Through single factor experiment and response surface optimization experiment,the optimal process conditions for ultrasonic-assisted cellulase extraction of anthocyanin from grape berry skin were determined as follows:extraction time 38 min,extraction temperature41°C,extractant p H 2.0,and cellulase addition amount 1%.Under these conditions,the total anthocyanin content was 1.559 mg/g.(2)AB-8 and Amberlite XAD-7HP macroporous resin were used to purify the anthocyanin crude extract.The anthocyanin purity of grape berry skin was increased by about5 times,and the color value was increased by about 5.5 times.A total of 15 anthocyanins with different structures were preliminarily identified in Hutai-8 grape berry skin by HPLC-MS.Among them,the content of malvidin and its derivatives was the most abundant,accounting for about 70.49%of the total anthocyanin content,and the content of malvidin-3,5-O-(6-coumaroyl)-diglucoside was the highest,accounting for about 33.78%of the total anthocyanin content.Six basic anthocyanins commonly found in nature,four of which were detected in the Hutai-8 grape berry skin.At the same time,the scavenging rates of anthocyanin from grape berry skin on DPPH,ABTS~+,hydroxyl radical and total reducing capacity were determined to explore its antioxidant activity in vitro.The results showed that the anthocyanin of Hutai-8grape berry skin had strong DPPH,ABTS~+,hydroxyl radical scavenging ability and certain total reducing ability.(3)Maltodextrin was used as wall material to encapsulate anthocyanin from grape berry skin,and effervescent tablets were developed with anthocyanin microcapsules as raw materials.The optimum ratio of grape berry skin anthocyanin effervescent tablets was obtained by single factor experiment and response surface optimization experiment:microcapsule addition amount 32%,disintegrating agent addition amount 41%,filler ratio 1.6∶1.The prepared effervescent tablets had smooth appearance,uniform color,delicate taste,sweet and sour taste,and all indicators met the standards of effervescent tablets. |
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