Research On Safety Risk Assessment And Control Of UAV Operation In Urban Environment

In recent years,the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)industry in China has entered a stage of rapid development,and civil UAVs have maintained a growth rate of more than 50% for three consecutive years,showing outstanding performance.However,the industry’s rapid growth is relatively backward in risk control.The unregistered flight which is also known as "black flying" incidents such as unauthorized intrusion into public and sensitive areas,accidental crash,affecting the normal takeoff and landing of passenger aircraft,and collision with high-rise buildings often occur,which poses a certain threat to the normal social production and life order and the personal safety of residents.In many operation scenarios of UAV,the risk of low-altitude logistics in cities is great,and the high buildings and dense population in cities bring severe tests to the safe operation of UAV.Therefore,it is necessary to control the operational safety risks of UAVs in the urban environment.Therefore,this paper took the operation of UAV in the urban environment as the research object,identified the risk factors of UAV operational safety,built the evaluation index system and evaluation model of UAV operational safety risk,and designed targeted operational safety risk control measures,in order to improve the scientificity and pertinence of UAV operational safety management in the urban environment,improve the safety management level of logistics UAV operation enterprises,reduce the incidence of UAV flight accidents,and guide the orderly and healthy development of the UAV industry,thereby ensuring the safety of life and property of urban residents,the driving role of UAV in the development of smart city can be fully played,and the intelligent management of government affairs,environmental protection,transportation and other fields can be promoted to better meet the needs of economic development and people’s better life.The thesis is divided into seven parts.The first part mainly includes the purpose,significance,domestic and foreign-related research,research content,and study methods.The second part discussed the classification of the existing UAVs and the classification of UAV operation scenes and extracted the theoretical basis of this thesis.The third part identified risk factors utilizing literature research and expert interviews.The fourth part designed the UAV operational safety risk evaluation index system based on the identification results of risk factors and defined each index’s specific meaning and threshold.The fifth part built a comprehensive evaluation model of UAV operational safety risk based on the DEMATEL and nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods and the validity of the model by taking the scene of company YH’s UAV running on route M as an example.In the sixth part,combined with the evaluation results of UAV operational safety risk and the critical risk factors identified by comprehensive weight calculation,the control scheme of UAV operational safety risk was formulated.The seventh part summarized the thesis,expounded on the innovation points,and looked forward to the follow-up research.The innovation points of this thesis are to construct the UAV operational safety risk evaluation index system oriented to the urban environment.On this basis,the DEMATEL method was used to explore the interaction between risk factors.Based on the DEMATEL-nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,civil UAV’s operational safety risk evaluation model was constructed,the model can reflect the contribution of some influential indicators to the evaluation results,and provide theoretical and methodological guidance for the safety management of UAV operation enterprises.