Research On Damage Detection Method Of Steel Wire Rope Based On Magnetic Characteristics

Steel wire ropes are widely used in fields such as mining,metallurgy,transportation,and construction due to their advantages such as light weight,good elasticity,high tensile and fatigue strength,stable and reliable operation,and strong overload resistance.However,as a load-bearing component,corrosion,wire breakage,wear and other damages inevitably occur during use.These damages gradually accumulate and cause the entire steel wire rope to break,seriously affecting safety production.Therefore,research on damage detection for steel wire ropes is of great significance.This article elaborates on the detection of steel wire rope damage from the following points:(1)Based on the structural characteristics of steel wire ropes,the classification methods and damage characteristics were analyzed,and combined with fault detection standards,a research route was developed with qualitative detection as the premise and quantitative detection as the goal.Based on the refraction effect of magnetic field and Kirchhoff’s first law,the formation reason and distribution state of magnetic leakage field were studied,and the feasibility of magnetic leakage detection was verified.Analyze the magnetization characteristics and magnetic domain structure of ferromagnetic components,compare the characteristics of nested detection and discrete detection methods,and establish a discrete residual magnetic detection method.(2)Establish a magnetic dipole model for steel wire ropes,analyze the relationship between relevant parameters and leakage magnetic field strength,study the waveform characteristics of axial and radial leakage magnetic fields,summarize the role of relevant parameters on signal period and peak,and establish the characteristics of steel wire rope damage detection.On this basis,a three-dimensional finite element simulation model based on Ansys Electronics Desktop is established to further analyze and summarize the trend of magnetic flux leakage signal changes,guide the design of component components and damage signal processing in steel wire rope detection,improve the efficiency and accuracy of steel wire rope damage detection,and provide strong support for the promotion of steel wire rope detection schemes.(3)Starting from the design of the steel wire rope detection system,first referring to the actual motion status and detection requirements of the steel wire rope,a damage detection experimental platform device with adjustable structural stability working conditions was developed.Secondly,by analyzing the traditional yoke excitation structure and open loop excitation structure,an open loop multi circuit excitation structure was established.Based on the structural characteristics,a simple and easy to install excitation unit shell was drawn.Secondly,based on the characteristics of magnetic flux leakage detection,a circular ring shaped magnetic flux leakage signal detection device with adjustable lift off value was designed.Finally,through a multichannel high-speed data acquisition system,functions such as rapid data collection and storage were achieved.(4)Analyze the noise characteristics of magnetic flux leakage signals,remove singular points and trend terms through signal preprocessing,and use a moving smoothing algorithm based on wavelet transform for signal denoising.Extract quantization features from the processed signal,and adopt a least squares fitting multi threshold peak detection algorithm based on interpolation to address the shortcomings of existing peak detection,achieving fast and accurate quantification of wire rope breakage.This thesis has 86 figures,15 tables,and 84 references.