Assessment Of Ecological Environment Quality In Jiawang District Based On Remote Sensing Ecological Index

As a typical case of a Resource depletion city,Jiawang District has a history of more than 100 years of Coal mining,and the environmental damage caused by the early single-minded pursuit of economic development has gradually emerged.In the context of pursuing high-quality development in the new era,urban transformation and development have also placed ecological civilization construction at the top of the list.The investigation and research work on the ecological environment in the region is typical and representative.Therefore,this paper takes Jiawang District as the research object,selects the Landsat remote sensing images in 2001,2004,2009,2015 and 2020,uses remote sensing data processing software such as Arc GIS and ENVI to calculate the greenness index,humidity index,heat index and dryness index,and obtains the remote sensing ecological index of the study area through principal component analysis coupling after band fusion,According to the numerical value,different ecological grades are divided,and the characteristics of environmental temporal and spatial changes and the dynamic change analysis of ecological classification are studied.The changes of ecological environment quality in Jiawang District in recent 20 years are evaluated by combining the spatial autocorrelation analysis theory and the ecological center of gravity transfer theory.GM(1,1)gray prediction model is used to predict the future development of ecological environment quality in Jiawang District,And the influencing factors of ecological environment quality changes were explored from two aspects: natural factors and human factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In 2001,2004,2009,2015 and 2020,the average ecological index of remote sensing in Jiawang District was 0.485,0.522,0.541,0.52 and 0.56,respectively,with a relatively obvious overall increase;In the regression equation with high accuracy between the fitted ecological indicators and the remote sensing ecological index model,the dryness index and humidity index have the largest number of correlations with the remote sensing ecological index,that is,the expansion of building land and soil moisture have more obvious effects on the ecological environment quality of Jiawang District.(2)In the past 20 years,the area of Jiawang District with better ecological environment quality accounted for 37.93%,the area with worse ecological environment quality accounted for 11.98%,and the area without obvious change accounted for 50.09%.There is a significant high high concentration phenomenon in the study area.Although the local ecological environment has deteriorated,the living environment in most of the sub areas of Jiawang District has improved significantly before and after the closure of coal mines,including Jiangzhuang Town,Qingshanquan Town Zhuyushan Street and Pananhu Street have achieved good improvement in the local ecological environment through appropriate restoration methods;The regional ecological center of gravity with poor and poor ecological quality is shifted to the southeast,and the regional ecological center of gravity with good and excellent ecological quality is shifted to the northwest.In addition,the ecological environment quality of Jiawang District will continue to improve in the future,and the overall ecological change is obviously related to the development policies and ideas of Jiawang District.(3)From the perspective of the factors affecting the change of ecological environment quality in Jiawang District,the meteorological factors,air pollution factors,soil factors,and socio-economic factors have the greatest impact on the annual average temperature,sulfur dioxide concentration,evapotranspiration,and the total population with registered residence registration;In various land use types,the area of forest land,water area,and construction land increases,while the area of cultivated land and grassland decreases,while the area of unused land remains basically unchanged;Among all land use types,the proportion of land area with higher remote sensing ecological index levels has remained stable and increased,while land area with lower ecological levels has continued to decrease.Both have played a positive role in promoting the improvement of ecological environment quality.