Synthesis Of Hole Material CuGaO₂ And Construction Of Fabric-based Perovskite Solar Cells

The flexibility and lightweight advantages of flexible perovskite solar cells（PSCs）make them well suited for the construction of wearable electronic energy supply devices.Although PSCs have excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency,their stability still makes it difficult to meet actual application requirements.The Spiro-OMe TAD,an organic hole material widely used in PSCs,is easily corroded by water and oxygen in the air environment,which is one of the important reasons for the decline of device life.To solve this problem,we synthesize the inorganic hole material CuGaO₂by microwave hydrothermal synthesis and mix it into Spiro-OMe TAD as the hole transport layer for upright PSCs.In order to solve the difficult problem of CuGaO₂film-forming of nanomaterials,we grew a CuGaO₂array on the surface of conductive glass,which can be directly used as a hole transport layer for trans-PSCs.In addition,Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS-1000 fabric composite electrode was prepared by an unmasking process using fabric as the carrier.When the conductivity is comparable to that of indium tin oxide,the flexibility is better than that of brittle ITO substrates,which is suitable for flexible devices.On this basis,flexible PSCs are constructed,which provides an idea for the application of flexible PSCs in the wearable field.The main contents are as follows:（1）CuGaO₂/Spiro-OMe TAD hybrid hole transport layer was prepared by microwave hydrothermal synthesis of CuGaO₂and Spiro-OMe TAD by using the film-forming capacity of Spiro-OMe TAD,which improved the humidity stability of PSCs.Correspondingly,a hierarchical arrangement of energy levels is established between the perovskite layer and the silver electrode,which inhibits non-radiative recombination,weakens the interface barrier,and facilitates the transition of hole carriers,thereby improving the photoelectric performance of the device.The experimental results show that the open-circuit voltage and fill factor of the device based on the hybrid hole transport layer achieve a steady-state photoelectric conversion efficiency of 18.12%.What’s more,the unsealed CuGaO₂/Spiro-OMe TAD unit maintained an initial efficiency of more than 80%after 800 hours of storage at 20°C and50-80%ambient humidity.（2）The CuGaO₂array grown in situ by microwave hydrothermal heat solves the phenomenon of agglomeration and uneven coverage during film formation of nanomaterials and directly uses it as a hole transport layer for trans-PSCs,which greatly improves the long-term stability of the device.It is worth noting that CuGaO₂-array-based devices exhibit excellent performance in terms of thermal stability and humidity resistance.The device still maintains more than 78 percent of its initial efficiency after 240 hours of thermal aging in the glove box and more than 83%of its initial efficiency after 400 hours of storage at 50-80%humidity.Therefore,in this study,CuGaO₂arrays were able to reduce the impact of external factors on the lifetime of PSC devices to maintain efficient and stable outputs.（3）Based on the research in the previous two chapters and combined with the advantages of the textile discipline,we design Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS-1000 fabric composite electrodes as conductive substrates for flexible PSCs.Polymethyl methacrylate（PMMA）is a polymer with good light transmittance.On the one hand,the rotary coating on the Ag NWs film makes the Ag NWs film embedded in the polymer PMMA,which reduces the surface roughness of the Ag NWs film,and the three-dimensional stacking network structure after embedding is not easy to be damaged,ensuring the stability of conductivity.On the other hand,PMMA fills the warp and weft interlacing points and voids of the PET fabric,reducing the unevenness of the fabric surface.In order to meet the substrate requirements for constructing flexible PSCs,the fabric electrodes were prepared by the film removal process.In addition,we also use PEDOT:PSS-1000 as a protective layer to coat the surface of the fabric electrode,further reducing the surface roughness of the fabric electrode and preventing the Ag NWs’conductive layer from being oxidized in the air environment,so that the conductivity decreases,while resisting the migration of Ag⁺to corrode the perovskite layer,resulting in device failure.Finally,a flexible perovskite solar cell based on a fabric composite electrode was constructed on the prepared Gans/PEDOT:PSS-1000fabric composite electrode,and its photoelectric conversion efficiency was 3.87%,which could maintain good stability under multiple deformations and certain tensile conditions.